it is possible to take

οἷος, οἵα, [dialect] Ion. οἵη, οἷον, (ὅς)

A such as, of what sort, relat. and indirect interrog. Pron., correl. to direct interrog. ποῖος, indef. ποιός, demonstr. τοῖος :

ὅσσος ἔην οἷός τε Il.24.630

;

ὁσσάτιόν τε καὶ οἷον 5.758

: c. acc., οἶδ' ἀρετὴν οἷός ἐσσι what a man for valour, 13.275 : freq. to be rendered by an Adv., οἷος πόλεμόνδε μέτεισι as he rushes into war, ib. 298, etc.:—Usage:

I οἷος in an independent sentence as an exclam. of astonishment,

ὢ πόποι.., οἷον ἔειπες Il.7.455

; οἷ. τὸ πῦρ what a fire is this ! A.Ag. 1256, cf. Pers. 733, al. ;

οἷ. εἰργάσασθε Pl.R. 450a

;

οἷ. ἄνδρα λέγεις ἐν κινδύνῳ εἶναι Id.Tht. 142b

;

οἷα ποιεῖς Id.Euthphr. 15e

, etc.: so in neut. as Adv., v. infr. v. 1.

2 in indirect sentences, S.OT 624, 1402, 1488, etc. ;

ὁρᾶτε δὴ ἐν οἵῳ ἐστέ X.Cyr.3.2.12

;

ὁρῶν ἐν οἵοις ἐσμέν Id.An.3.1.15

.

II more freq. as relat. to a demonstr. τοῖος, τοιόσδε, τοιοῦτος, or to ὁ, ὅδε, as

τῷ ἴκελον, οἷόν ποτε Δαίδαλος ἤσκησεν Il.18.591

;

θέαμα τοιοῦτον οἷ. καὶ στυγοῦντ' ἐποικτίσαι S.OT 1296

: but the demonstr. Pron. is freq. omitted,

οὐ γὰρ ἐμὴ ἲς ἔσθ' οἵη πάρος ἔσκεν Il.11.669

, etc. ; οἷ. καὶ Πάρις.. ᾔσχυνε like as Paris also.., A.Ag. 399 (lyr.), cf. Pers.21, al.: with δή added, τοιόνδ', οἷ. δὴ σύ such as you surely are, Il.24.376, v. infr. v. 2 : with περ added,

οἵη περ φύλλων γενεή, τοίη δὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν

just such as..,

6.146

, cf. A.Ag. 607, 1046, X.Cyr.1.6.19 : very freq. with τε added (this οἷός τε must be distd. from οἷός τε c. inf., v. infr. 111.2),

οἷός τε πελώριος ἔρχεται Ἄρης Il.7.208

, cf. 17.157, Od.7.106, etc. ;

οἷός που 20.35

: οἷός τις, οἷόν τι generalizes a Comparison, the sort of person who.., thing which.., Il.5.638, Od.9.348 ; οἶσθα εἰς οἷόν τινα κίνδυνον ἔρχει.. ; Pl.Prt. 313a ; with attraction of οἷος to the case of its antecedent (which may follow instead of preceding),

οἵοις περ σὺ χρώμενοι συμβούλοις D.24.185

; and with further attraction of the subject of the relat. clause, οὐ γάρ πω τοίους ἴδον ἀνέρας.., οἷον Πειρίθοον (for οἷος Πειρίθοος) Il.1.263 ;

πρὸς ἄνδρας τολμηρούς, οἵους καὶ Ἀθηναίους Th.7.21

, cf. X.Mem.2.9.3 ;

περὶ τοῦ τοιούτου.., οἵου τοῦ ἑνός Pl.Prm. 161b

.

2 οἷος, οἵα, οἷον freq. introduce an 'indirect exclamation', giving the reason for what precedes, ἄνακτα χόλος λάβεν, οἷον ἄκουσε because of what he heard, Il.6.166, cf. Od.17.479 ; ἐμακάριζον

τὴν μητέρα οἵων τέκνων ἐκύρησε Hdt.1.31

;

ἀγανάκτησιν ἔχει ὑφ' οἵων κακοπαθεῖ Th.2.41

;

τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ τύχην [ἀπέκλαον], οἵου ἀνδρὸς.. ἐστερημένος εἴην Pl.Phd. 117c

, cf. S.OT 701.

3 sts. in Hom. οἷος introduces the reason for saying what is said,

ὠκύμορος.. ἔσσεαι, οἷ' ἀγορεύεις Il.18.95

, cf. Od.4.611 ;

αἲ γάρ με θυμὸς ἀνείη ὤμ' ἀποταμνόμενον κρέα ἔδμεναι, οἷα ἔοργας Il.22.347

.

4 οἷα δὴ εἴπας saying so and so, Hdt.1.86 (cf.

ὅσος 111.2

): later with other Particles, v. infr. VI.

5 οὐδὲν οἷον.. there's nothing like.., ἀλλ' οὐδὲν οἷ. ἐστ' ἀκοῦσαι τῶν ἐπῶν there's nothing like hearing the verses, Ar.Av. 966, cf. Lys. 135 ;

οὐδὲν γὰρ οἷ. ἀκούειν αὐτοῦ τοῦ νόμου D.21.46

, cf. Pl.Grg. 447c, 481b, X.Oec.3.14.

6 never used like Adv. οἷον (infr. V. I) with an Adj. = how, for in Il.11.653, οἶσθα.. οἷ. ἐκεῖνος δεινὸς ἀνήρ = what manner of man, namely dread, cf. 15.94, 21.108, Od.19.493, etc.

7 as indef., a sort or kind of.., ὁ δ' ἕτερος οἷός ἐστιν οἰκουρὸς μόνον only a kind of watch-dog, Ar.V. 970 ; so with Adj., ἀφόρητος οἷος.. κρυμός of an intolerable kind, Hdt.4.28 ; θαυμαστὸς οἷος of a wonderful nature, Luc.Zeux.6 ; οἷος ἔμπειρος πολέμου rather skilled in war, D.2.18 ; οἷον τετανότριχα rather straight-haired, Pl.Euthphr.2b ; freq. with [comp] Sup., χωρίον οἷον χαλεπώτατον country of a very difficult kind, X.An.4.8.2, cf. Ar.Eq. 978, Ach. 384, Pl.Ap. 23a ;

ἀνὴρ οἷος κράτιστος Arist.EN 1165b27

;

κόλπος οἷος βαθύτατος Ael.NA14.26

: in some of these passages with [comp] Sup. it is possible to take οἷος as relat., supplying δυνατόν, cf.

ξύμμαχος ἔσομαι οἷος ἂν δύνωμαι ἄριστος IG12.39.28

.

III οἷος c. inf. implies fitness or ability for a thing, οὐ γὰρ ἦν ὥρα οἵα τὸ πεδίον ἄρδειν fit for watering, X.An.2.3.13, cf. Pl.Grg. 487d ; οἷοι φιλεῖν, μισεῖν, etc., D.25.2, etc.: freq. with τοιοῦτος expressed,

τοιοῦτός τις οἷ. διαπονεῖσθαι Pl. Cra. 395a

, cf. R. 415e ; τὸ πρᾶγμα μέγα.. καὶ μὴ οἷ. νεωτέρῳ βουλεύσασθαι not proper for a young man to advise upon, Th.6.12 : without inf.,

λόγους οἵους εἰς τὰ δικαστήρια Pl.Euthd. 272a

.

b οἷός εἰμι I intend,

ἐβιάζετο.. καὶ οἷος ἦν ἐξευρεῖν τὴν θύραν Lys.Fr. 159

S., cf. D. 4.9, al., Is.8.21 ; οἷος ἦν κατεσθίειν was on the point of eating, Antig. Car. ap. Ath.7.345d.

2 more freq. οἷός τε c. inf., fit or able to do,

λιποίμην οἷός τ'.. ἀέθλια κάλ' ἀνελέσθαι Od.21.117

(preceded by τοῖον ib. 173), Hdt.1.29, 67,91 ;

λέγειν οἷός τε κἀγώ Ar.Eq. 343

, cf. Th.3.16, Isoc.8.69, etc. ; inclined to.., Plb.3.90.5, J.AJ4.6.3 : most freq. in neut. sg. and pl., οἷόν τε [ἐστί] it is possible to.., Th.1.80, etc. ;

οἷά τε [ἐστί] Hdt.1.194

, etc. ; a dat. is sts. added,

μὴ οἷόν τε εἶναι ἐμοὶ κωλῦσαι Th.7.14

.

3 without inf.,

πάνυ προθύμως ὡς οἷός τ' ἦν ἐπήραξεν Pl.Prt. 314d

: but mostly in neut., οἷόν τε [ἐστίν] it is possible, Isoc.9.9 ;

οὐχ οἷόν τε ἐστίν Ar.Nu. 198

, etc.: with [comp] Sup.,

καλὸν ὡς οἷόν τε μάλιστα Pl.Prt. 349e

;

ὡς οἷόν τε σμικρότατα Id.Prm. 144b

;

ὡς οἷόν τε διὰ βραχυτάτων Id.Grg. 449d

: without [comp] Sup.,

φρίττειν.. ποιεῖ ὡς οἷόν τε πάντας Id.R. 387c

(dub. l.) ; ὡς οἷόν τε sts. so far as possible, of what cannot be done completely, D.8.75, Arist. Pol. 1313a39, Luc.Im.3.

IV sts. twice in the same clause, οἷ' ἔργα δράσας οἷα λαγχάνει κακά after what deeds what sufferings are his ! S.El. 751 ; ἱερῶν οἵαν οἵων χάριν ἠνύσω what thanks for what offerings ! Id.Tr. 994, cf. 1045, E.Alc. 144 : so in Prose, X.Cyr.4.5.29, Pl.Smp. 195a.

V as Adv. in neut. sg. οἷον, in Poets and [dialect] Ion. Prose also pl. οἷα, how,

οἷον δή νυ θεοὺς βροτοὶ αἰτιόωνται Od.1.32

, cf. Il.5.601, 13.633, 15.287 : also with Adjs., οἷον ἐερσήεις how fresh, 24.419 ; οἷον δὴ Μενέλαον ὑπέτρεσας seeing how thou didst shrink from M., Il.17.587, cf. 21.57. (Regul. Adv. οἵως is rare, as in Hp. Epid.6.7.2, f.l. in Ar.V. 1363 ; οἷος ὢν οἵ. ἔχεις in what a state art thou for such a man! S.Aj. 923 ;

οἵως τέ σφ' ἐσάωσα A.R.4.786

.)

2 as, just as,

οἷον ὅτε.. Il.14.295

: also neut. pl.

οἷα, οἷά τις.. ἀηδών A.Ag. 1142

(lyr.), cf. S.Tr. 105 (lyr.), etc.: so οἷά τε in Hom.,

οἷά τε ληϊστῆρες Od.3.73

, cf.9.128, Hdt.2.175 : strengthd. by Particles,

οἷα δή Th.8.84

, Pl.Smp. 219e, R. 467b ;

οἷα δή που Ael.NA1.14

: later a double form occurs,

οἷον ὡς.. Demetr.Eloc.94

, Sch.D.T.p.113 H. ;

οἷον ὥσπερ.. Phryn.PS p.80

B., dub. in Plu.2.563f.

b as for instance, Pl.Sph. 218e, Arist.GC 333a11, etc.; οἷον τί λέγεις ; as for example, what do you mean ? Pl.Tht. 207a, cf. Od.4.271, where οἷον is Adj.

c in numerical estimates, about,

οἷον δέκα σταδίους Th.4.90

;

μῆκος οἷον ἐπὶ δέκα δακτύλους IG22.1457.17

.

d οἷον parenthetically prefixed to any word or phrase, as it were, so to speak,

οἷον υἱεῖς γνησίους Pl.Phdr. 278a

, cf. Cra. 396a, Arist.HA 532a6, GA 753a33 ;

τῶν οἷον προγυμναζομένων M.Ant.6.20

;

τοῦ οἷον δόγματος D.L.9.69

; τὴν.. οἷον φάτταν the ring-dove of my parable, Pl.Tht. 199b.

e οἷον explanatory, that is to say, τὸ νῦν ῥηθησόμενον, οἷον.. what I am about to mention, viz., Arist.PA 639b6, cf. GC 333a11, al. ; κατὰ τὸ μέσον, οἷον κατὰ τὴν συμβολὴν τῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς διαγωνίων in the middle, i. e. at the intersection of their diagonals, Procl.Hyp.3.16, cf. 22, Hsch. s.v. οἰοφάγῳ, al.

3 like ὡς, ἅτε, with a part.,

οἷα ἀπροσδοκήτου κακοῦ γενομένου Th.2.5

, cf. 8.95, Pl.Smp. 203b.

4 οὐχ οἷον or μὴ οἷον, folld. by ἀλλ' οὐδέ or ἀλλὰ μηδέ, not only not.., but not even.., Plb. 1.20.12, D.S.3.18, Phld.Rh.2.249 S., etc.

VI strengthd. with various Particles, οἷος δή, v. supr. 11.4: [full] οἱοσδήποτε, οἱαδήποτε, οἱονδήποτε, of such and such a kind, Arist.EN 1114b17 ; [full] οἱοσδηποτοῦν, of whatever kind, Hero *Geom.12.30, al., BGU895.28 (ii A. D.), Paul.Aeg. 6.88 ; [full] οἱοσδήπως, OGI521.4 (Abydos, v/vi A. D.) ; [full] οἱοσδητισοῦν, ib.515.16 (Mylasa, iii A. D.) ; [full] οἱοσοῦν, Just.Nov.30.7.1 ; [full] οἱοσποτοῦν, Arist.Top. 146b26 ; [full] οἱοστισοῦν, v. l. in Dsc.2.76.13. [[pron. full] οῐ is found in Il.13.275, Od.7.312 ; and sts. in Trag., as A.Ag. 1256, esp. in the form

οἷός τε S.OT 1415

, OC 262, 803, al.]

ὑπάρχω, [tense] fut.

A

- ξω Hdt.6.109

, S.Ant. 932 (anap.): [tense] aor. ὑπῆρξα (v. infr. 1):—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

ὑπαρχθήσομαι PTeb.418.7

(iii A. D.): [tense] pf. ὕπηργμαι, [dialect] Ion.

- αργμαι Hdt.7.11

:—begin, take the initiative:—Constr.:

1 abs., Od.24.286, E.Ph. 1223;

ὑπάρχων ἠδίκεις αὐτούς Isoc.16.44

; ὁ ὑπάρξας the beginner (in a quarrel), D.59.15, cf. 1;

ἀμύνεσθαι τοὺς ὑπάρξαντας Lys.24.18

;

ἀμυνομένους, μὴ ὑπάρχοντας Pl.Grg. 456e

;

ὡς οὐχ ὑπάρχων ἀλλὰ τιμωρούμενος Men.358

:—[voice] Med., Pl.Ti. 41c, Ael. NA12.41, etc.

2 c. gen., take the initiative in, begin, ἀδίκων ἔργων, ἀδικίης, Hdt.1.5, 4.1, cf. Th.2.74, etc.;

ὑ. τῆς ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι And.1.142

, cf. Pl.Mx. 237b.

3 c. part., take the initiative in doing,

ἐμὲ ὑπῆρξαν ἄδικα ποιεῦντες Hdt.7.8

.β, cf. 6.133, 9.78; ὑπάρχει εὖ (or κακῶς)

ποιῶν τινα X.An.2.3.23

, 5.5.9; τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀμύνεσθαι οἷσπερ καὶ οἱ Λκεδαιμόνιοι ὑπῆρξαν retaliating by the means which the L. had used first, Th.2.67 (where οἷσπερ is expld. by the following ἀποκτείναντες and ἐσβαλόντες).

b in [voice] Med. c. inf., Ael.NA14.11: c. gen., βαδίσεως -ονται ib.4.34; ἡλίου -ομένου τῆς ἀκμῆς ib.1.20.

4 c. acc., ὑ. εὐεργεσίας εἴς τινα or τινι take the initiative in [doing] kindnesses to one, D.19.280, Aeschin.2.26; ὑ. τοῦτο (sc. τὸ εὐνοεῖν) Men.927:—[voice] Pass.,

ὑπηρεσίαι ὑπηργμέναι εἰς Φίλιππον αὑτῷ Aeschin. 2.109

;

τὰ παρὰ τῶν θεῶν ὑπηργμένα D.1.10

; τὰ ἔκ τινος ὑπαργμένα ([dialect] Ion. for ὑπηργ-) Hdt.7.11;

ὑπηργμένων πολλῶν κἀγαθῶν Ar. Lys. 1159

;

οὐδέν μοι ὑπῆρκτο εἰς αὐτόν Antipho 5.58

;

ἀνάξια τῶν εἰς ὑμᾶς ὑπηργμένων Lys.21.25

; ἄξιον τῶν ὑ. equivalent to what was done for him, Arist.EN 1163b21: impers., ὑπῆρκτο αὐτοῦ (sc. τοῦ Πειραιέως) a beginning of it had been made, Th.1.93.

B in [voice] Act. only, to be the begining,

παιδοβόροι μὲν πρῶτον ὑπῆρξαν μόχθοι τάλανες A.Ch. 1068

(anap.); πολλῶν κακῶν, μεγάλων ἀχέων, E.Ph. 1582 (v. l.), Andr. 274 (lyr.), cf. HF 1169.

2 to be already in existence,

πημονῆς δ' ἅλις γ' ὑπάρχει A.Ag. 1656

(troch.);

φοίνισσα δὲ Θρηϊκίων ἀγέλα ταύρων ὑπᾶρχεν

was already there,

Pi.P.4.205

; αὗται αἱ νέες τοῖσι Ἀθηναίοισι ὑπῆρχον already existed, opp. to those they were about to build, Hdt.7.144; εἰ τοίνυν σφι χώρη γε μηδεμία ὑπῆρχε if they had no country originally existing, Id.2.15; χωρὶς δὲ τούτων οἱ χίλιοι ὑπῆρχον the original thousand existed, X.Cyr.1.5.5;

ἔδει πρῶτον μὲν ὑπάρχειν πάντων ἰσηγορίαν Eup.291

(lyr.);

ὑπαρχούσης μὲν τιμῆς, παρούσης δὲ δυνάμεως X.Ages.8.1

;

τοῦτο δεῖ προσεῖναι, τὰ δ' ἄλλ' ὑπάρχει D.3.15

, cf. 8.53;

ταὐτὰ ὑ. αὐτῷ ἅπερ ἐμοί Antipho 5.60

, cf. Lys.12.23; ὑμῖν.. ἐλευθερίαν τε ὑπάρχειν καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων ξυμμάχοις κεκλῆσθαι there is in store for you.., Th.5.9: c. gen., οἶκος δ' ὑ. τῶνδε.. ἔχειν there is store of these things for us to have, A.Ag. 961 (s. v. l., οἴκοις Pors.): freq. in part., ἡ ὑπάρχουσα οὐσία the existing property, Isoc.1.28;

τὰ ὑ. ἁμαρτήματα Th.2.92

; τῆς ὑ. τιμῆς for the current price, Syngr. ap. D.35.12; οἱ ὑ. πολῖται the existing citizens, Id.18.295; τῆς φύσεως ὑ. nature being what it is, X.Cyr.6.4.4; also κρησφύγετόν τι ὑπάρχον εἶναι that there should be a refuge ready prepared, Hdt.5.124.

3 exist really, opp. φαίνομαι, Arist.Cael. 297b22, Metaph. 1046b10;

ἀθεώρητοι τῶν ὑπαρχόντων Id.GC 316a9

;

καταληπτικὴ φαντασία ἡ ἀπὸ τοῦ ὑπάρχοντος Stoic.2.25

.

4 simply, be,

τοῖσιν ἄγουσιν κλαύμαθ' ὑπάρξει S.Ant. 932

(anap.);

ὅθεν εὐμάρει' ὑπάρχοι πόρου Id.Ph. 704

(lyr.): and with a predicate,

θησαυρὸς ἄν σοι παῖς ὑπῆρχ' οὑμός E.Hec. 1229

;

τὸ χωρίον καρτερὸν ὑ. Th.4.4

; φύσεως ἀγαθῆς ὑπάρξαι to be of a good natural disposition, X.Oec.21.11;

κἂν σοφὸς ὑπάρχῃ Philem.102

; μέγα ὑ. τοῖς τοιούτοις λόγοις ις of great advantage to them, D.3.19; πολλῶν ὑπάρξει κῦρος ἡμέρα καλῶν, = κυρώσει πολλὰ καλά, S.El. 919.

b τὰ ὑπάρχοντα, much like τὰ ὑπηργμένα (A. 4 [voice] Pass.), a man's record,

ἀνάξιον τῶν ὑ. τῇ πόλει καὶ πεπραγμένων τοῖς προγόνοις D.8.49

; τὰ κάλλιστα τῶν ὑ. your past record, Id.18.95; ἡ ὑπάρχουσα αἰσχύνη the disgrace which has been incurred, Id.19.217;

τὰ ὑπάρχοντα [αὑτῷ] ἐγκλήματα Aeschin.1.179

.

5 sts. with a part., much like τυγχάνω, τοιαῦτα [αὐτῷ] ὑπῆρχε ἐὀντα Hdt.1.192;

ἐχθρὸς ὑ. ὤν D.21.38

;

ὑ. δύναμιν κεκτημένοι Id.3.7

, cf. 15.1.

6 προγόνων ὑ. τῶν ἐξ Ἰλίου to be the descendant of.., D.H.2.65.

II like ὑπόκειμαι 11.2, to be laid down, to be taken for granted, Pl.Smp. 198d; τούτου ὑπάρχοντος, τούτων ὑπαρχόντων, this being granted, Id.Ti. 30c, 29b;

θέντες ὡς ὑπάρχον Id.R. 458a

.

III belong to, fall to one, accrue, ὑπάρξει τοι.. τὰ ἐναντία you will have, Hdt.6.109, etc.;

τὸ μισεῖσθαι πᾶσιν ὑ. Th.2.64

; τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν ἀπ' ἀλλήλων ἀμφοτέροις [σωτηρίαν] Id.6.86; ἡ ὑπάρχουσα φύσις your proper nature, its normal condition, Id.2.45; τῇ τέχνῃ ὑπάρχειν διδούς assigning as a property of art, Pl.Phlb. 58c, cf. Tht. 150b, 150c.

2 of persons, ὑ. τινί to be devoted to one, X.An.1.1.4, HG7.5.5, D.19.54, etc.; καθ' ὑμῶν ὑπάρξων ἐκείνῳ he will be on his side against you, ib.118, cf. 2.14.

b ἐν παντὶ.. πᾶς χωρίῳ, καὶ ᾧ μὴ ὑπάρχομεν every one in every place, even outside our sphere of influence (lit. to which we do not belong), Th.6.87.

3 in the Logic of Arist. ὑπάρχειν denotes the subsistence of qualities in a subject, Metaph.1025a14; ὑ. τινί, = κατηγορεῖσθαί τινος, APr. 25a13, al.; ὑ. κατά τινος ib. 24a27, Int. 16b13; ἐπί τινος ib. 16a32;

ὑ. τινὶ ζῴῳ πεζῷ δίποδι εἶναι Top. 109a14

; ὑπάρξει τι [τῷ πρώτῳ] it will have predicates, Plot.5.6.2;

ἡ γένεσις τῷ χρόνῳ.. ὑπάρχει Dam.Pr. 142

.

IV freq. in neut. pl. part., τὰ ὑπάρχοντα,

1 in signf. 1, existing circumstances, presentadvantages, Democr. 191, D.2.2;

ἀπὸ τῶν αἰεὶ ὑ. σφαλέντες Th.4.18

, cf. 6.33; πρὸς τὰ ὑ. ib.31;

ἐκ τῶν ὑ.

under the circumstances, according to one's means,

X. An.6.4.9

, Arist.Pol. 1288b33;

ὡς ἐκ τῶν ὑ. Th.7.76

, 8.1.

2 in signf. 111, possessions, resources, Id.1.70, 144, etc.; τὰ ἑκατέροις ὑ. ib. 141;

κινδυνεύειν περὶ τῶν ὑ. Isoc.3.57

: as a Subst.,

τὰ ὑ. αὐτοῦ Ev.Matt. 24.47

, cf. LXXGe.12.5; ὑποθέμενος τὰ ὑ. καὶ ὑπάρξοντα present and future resources, POxy.125.22 (vi A.D.), etc.

3 Math., ὑπάρχοντα εἴδη positive terms, Dioph.1Def.10.

V impers., ὑπάρχει the fact is that.., c. acc. et inf.,

ὑ. γάρ σε μὴ γνῶναί τινα S.El. 1340

; ὡς ὑ. τοῦ ἔχειν .. as the case stands with regard to having, Arist.HA 516b25; περὶ τοὺς μαστοὺς ὑπεναντίως ὑ. ib. 500a14.

2 it is allowed, it is possible, c. dat. et inf.,

ὑ. ἡμῖν ἐπικρατεῖν Th.7.63

, cf. And.2.19, etc.;

ὑ. αὐτῇ εὐδαίμονι εἶναι Pl.Phd. 81a

, cf. Prt. 345a, Phdr. 240b, etc.: also without a dat.,

οὐχ ὑ. εἰδέναι Th.1.82

;

ὑ. τὴν αὐτὴν εἶναι μητέρα Is.7.25

, etc.: abs., ὥσπερ ὑπῆρχε as well as was possible, Th.3.109.

3 in neut. part., ὑπάρχον ὑμῖν πολεμεῖν since it is allowed you to.., Th. 1.124, cf. Pl.Smp. 217a.

C to be ὕπαρχος or subordinate colleague, D.C.36.36;

τῷ.. Ἀντωνίνῳ Id.71.34

.

II dub. in the sense of ἄρχω, rule; for Th.6.87, where the Sch. is in error, v. supr. B.111.2b; in Arist.Pol. 1291b32 ὑπερέχειν is prob. l.

εἰμί (Hom.+) impv. ἴσθι, ἔσο IPol 4:1, ἔστω—also colloq. ἤτω (BGU 276, 24; 419, 13; POxy 533, 9; Ps 103:31; 1 Macc 10:31) 1 Cor 16:22; Js 5:12; 1 Cl 48:5; Hv 3, 3, 4;—3 pers. pl. ἔστωσαν (ins since 200 B.C. Meisterhans³-Schw. 191; PPetr III, 2, 22 [237 B.C.]) Lk 12:35; 1 Ti 3:12; GJs 7:2. Inf. εἶναι. Impf. 1 pers. only mid. ἤμην (Jos., Bell. 1, 389; 631; s. further below); ἦν only Ac 20:18 D, 2 pers. ἦσθα (Jos., Ant. 6, 104) Mt 26:69; Mk 14:67 and ἦς (Lobeck, Phryn. 149 ‘say ἦσθα’; Jos., Ant. 17, 110 al.; Sb 6262, 16 [III A.D.]) Mt 25:21, 23 al., 3 sg. ἦν, 1 pl. ἦμεν. Beside this the mid. form ἤμην (pap since III B.C.; Job 29:16; Tob 12:13 BA), s. above, gives the pl. ἤμεθα (pap since III B.C.; Bar 1:19) Mt 23:30; Ac 27:37; Eph 2:3. Both forms in succession Gal. 4:3. Fut. ἔσομαι, ptc. ἐσόμενος. The mss. vary in choice of act. or mid., but like the edd. lean toward the mid. (W-S. §14, 1; Mlt-H. 201–3; Rob. index; B-D-F §98; Rdm.² 99; 101f; Helbing 108f; Reinhold 86f). Also s. ἔνι.

① be, exist, be on hand a pred. use (for other pred. use s. 3a, 4, 5, 6, 7): of God (Epicurus in Diog. L. 10, 123 θεοί εἰσιν; Zaleucus in Diod S 12, 20, 2 θεοὺς εἶναι; Wsd 12:13; Just., D. 128, 4 angels) ἔστιν ὁ θεός God exists Hb 11:6; cp. 1 Cor 8:5. ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν the one who is and who was (cp. SibOr 3, 16; as amulet PMich 155, 3 [II A.D.] ὁ ὢν θεὸς ὁ Ἰάω κύριος παντοκράτωρ=the god … who exists.) Rv 11:17; 16:5. ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος, in this and the two preceding passages ἦν is treated as a ptc. (for the unusual use of ἦν cp. Simonides 74 D.: ἦν ἑκατὸν φιάλαι) 1:4; 4:8 (cp. Ex 3:14; Wsd 13:1; Paus. 10, 12, 10 Ζεὺς ἦν, Ζ. ἔστι, Ζ. ἔσσεται; cp. Theosophien 18. S. OWeinreich, ARW 19, 1919, 178f). οὐδʼ εἶναι θεὸν παντοκράτορα AcPlCor 1:11. ἐγώ εἰμι (ins in the Athena-Isis temple of Saïs in Plut., Is. et Os. 9, 354c: ἐγώ εἰμι πᾶν τὸ γεγονὸς κ. ὸ̓ν κ. ἐσόμενον. On the role of Isis in Gk. rel. s. IBergman, Ich bin Isis ’68; RMerkelbach, Isis Regina—Zeus Sarapis ’95; for further lit. s. MGustafson in: Prayer fr. Alexander to Constantine, ed. MKiley et al. ’97, 158.) Rv 1:8 (s. ἐγώ beg.). ὁ ὤν, … θεός Ro 9:5 is classed here and taken to mean Christ by JWordsworth ad loc. and HWarner, JTS 48, ’47, 203f. Of the λόγος: ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ λ. J 1:1 (for ἦν cp. Herm. Wr. 1, 4; 3, 1b ἦν σκότος, Fgm. IX 1 p. 422, 23 Sc. γέγονεν ἡ ὕλη καὶ ἦν).—Of Christ πρὶν Ἀβραὰμ γενέσθαι, ἐγὼ εἰμί before Abraham was born, I am 8:58 (on the pres. εἰμί cp. Parmenides 8, 5: of the Eternal we cannot say ἦν οὐδʼ ἔσται, only ἔστιν; Ammonius Hermiae [Comm. in Aristotl. IV 5 ed. ABusse 1897] 6 p. 172: in Timaeus we read that we must not say of the gods τὸ ἦν ἢ τὸ ἔσται μεταβολῆς τινος ὄντα σημαντικά, μόνον δὲ τὸ ἔστι=‘was’ or ‘will be’, suggesting change, but only ‘is’; Ps 89:2; DBall, ‘I Am’ in John’s Gospel [JSNT Suppl. 124] ’96).—Of the world πρὸ τοῦ τὸν κόσμον εἶναι before the world existed 17:5. Satirically, of the beast, who parodies the Lamb, ἦν καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν Rv 17:8. Of God’s temple: ἔστιν B 16:6f it exists. τὸ μὴ ὄν that which does not exist, the unreal (Sallust. 17 p. 32, 7 and 9; Philo, Aet. M. 5; 82) Hm 1:1. τὰ ὄντα that which exists contrasted w. τὰ μὴ ὄντα Ro 4:17; cp. 1 Cor 1:28; 2 Cl 1:8. Of God κτίσας ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος τὰ ὄντα what is out of what is not Hv 1, 1, 6 (on the contrast τὰ ὄντα and τὰ μὴ ὄντα cp. Ps.-Arist. on Xenophanes: Fgm. 21, 28; Artem. 1, 51 p. 49, 19 τὰ μὴ ὄντα ὡς ὄντα; Ocellus Luc. 12; Sallust. 17, 5 p. 30, 28–32, 12; Philo, Op. M. 81; PGM 4, 3077f ποιήσαντα τὰ πάντα ἐξ ὧν οὐκ ὄντων εἰς τὸ εἶναι; 13, 272f τὸν ἐκ μὴ ὄντων εἶναι ποιήσαντα καὶ ἐξ ὄντων μὴ εἶναι; Theoph. Ant. 1, 4 [p. 64, 21] τὰ πάντα ὁ θεὸς ἐποίησεν ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων εἰς τὸ εἶναι).—Of existing in the sense be present, available, provided πολλοῦ ὄχλου ὄντος since a large crowd was present Mk 8:1. ὄντων τῶν προσφερόντων those are provided who offer Hb 8:4. οὔπω ἦν πνεῦμα the Spirit had not yet come J 7:39. ἀκούσας ὄντα σιτία when he heard that grain was available Ac 7:12.—Freq. used to introduce parables and stories (once) there was: ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν πλούσιος there was (once) a rich man Lk 16:1, 19. ἦν ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τ. Φαρισαίων there was a man among the Pharisees J 3:1.—There is, there are ὥσπερ εἰσὶν θεοὶ πολλοί as there are many gods 1 Cor 8:5. διαιρέσεις χαρισμάτων εἰσίν there are various kinds of spiritual gifts 12:4ff; 1J 5:16 al. Neg. οὐκ ἔστι there is (are) not, no (Ps 52:2; Simplicius in Epict. p. 95, 42 as a quot. from ‘tragedy’ οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοί) δίκαιος there is no righteous man Ro 3:10 (Eccl 7:20). ἀνάστασις νεκρῶν οὐκ ἔστιν there is no resurr. of the dead 1 Cor 15:12; οὐδʼ εἶναι ἀνάστασιν AcPlCor 1:12; 2:24; cp. Mt 22:23; Ac 23:8 (cp. 2 Macc 7:14). εἰσὶν οἵ, or οἵτινες there are people who (Hom. et al.; LXX; Just., D. 47, 2 εἰ μήτι εἰσὶν οἱ λέγοντες ὅτι etc.—W. sing. and pl. combined: Arrian, Ind. 24, 9 ἔστι δὲ οἳ διέφυγον=but there are some who escaped) Mt 16:28; 19:12; Mk 9:1; Lk 9:27; J 6:64; Ac 11:20. Neg. οὐδείς ἐστιν ὅς there is no one who Mk 9:39; 10:29; Lk 1:61; 18:29. As a question τίς ἐστιν ὅς; who is there that? Mt 12:11—In an unusual (perh. bureaucratic terminology) participial construction Ac 13:1 ἡ οὖσα ἐκκλησία the congregation there (cp. Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 6, 394c οἱ ὄντες ἄνθρωποι=the people with whom he has to deal; PLond III 1168, 5 p. 136 [18 A.D.] ἐπὶ ταῖς οὔσαις γειτνίαις=on the adjoining areas there; PGen 49; PSI 229, 11 τοῦ ὄντος μηνός of the current month); cp. 14:13.—αἱ οὖσαι (sc. ἐξουσίαι) those that exist Ro 13:1 (cp. UPZ 180a I, 4 [113 B.C.] ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν τῶν ὄντων καὶ οὐσῶν).

② to be in close connection (with), is, freq. in statements of identity or equation, as a copula, the equative function, uniting subject and predicate. On absence of the copula, Mlt-Turner 294–310.

ⓐ gener. πραΰς εἰμι I am gentle Mt 11:29. ἐγώ εἰμι Γαβριήλ Lk 1:19. σὺ εἶ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ Mk 3:11; J 1:49 and very oft. ἵνα … ὁ πονηρὸς … ἐλεγχθῇ [το? s. app. in Bodm.] μὴ ὢν θεός AcPlCor 2:15 (Just., D. 3, 3 φιλολόγος οὖν τις εἶ σύ).—The pred. can be supplied fr. the context: καὶ ἐσμέν and we are (really God’s children) 1J 3:1 (Eur., Ion 309 τ. θεοῦ καλοῦμαι δοῦλος εἰμί τε. Dio Chrys. 14 [31], 58 θεοφιλεῖς οἱ χρηστοὶ λέγονται καὶ εἰσίν; Epict. 2, 16, 44 Ἡρακλῆς ἐπιστεύθη Διὸς υἱὸς εἶναι καὶ ἦν.—The ptc. ὤν, οὖσα, ὄν used w. a noun or adj.and serving as an if-, since-, or although-clause sim. functions as a copula πονηροὶ ὄντες Mt 7:11; 12:34.—Lk 20:36; J 3:4; 4:9; Ac 16:21; Ro 5:10; 1 Cor 8:7; Gal 2:3 al.).—W. adv. of quality: οὕτως εἶναι be so preceded by ὥσπερ, καθώς or followed by ὡς, ὥσπερ Mt 13:40; 24:27, 37, 39; Mk 4:26; Lk 17:26. W. dat. of pers. οὕτως ἔσται ὁ υἱὸς τ. ἀ. τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ so the Human One (Son of Man) will be for this generation 11:30. εἰμὶ ὡσ/ὥσπερ I am like Mt 6:5; Lk 18:11. W. dat. ἔστω σοι ὥσπερ τελώνης he shall be to you as a tax-collector Mt 18:17. εἰμὶ ὥς τις I am like someone of outward and inward similarity 28:3; Lk 6:40; 11:44; 22:27 al. καθώς εἰμι as I am Ac 22:3; 1J 3:2, 7; 4:17.—W. demonstr. pron. (Just., A I, 16, 1 ἃ ἔφη, ταῦτά ἐστι: foll. by a quotation; sim. 48, 5 ἔστι δὲ ταῦτα; and oft.) τὰ ὀνόματά ἐστιν ταῦτα Mt 10:2. αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ μαρτυρία J 1:19. W. inf. foll. θρησκεία αὕτη ἐστίν, ἐπισκέπτεσθαι Js 1:27. W. ὅτι foll. αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ κρίσις, ὅτι τὸ φῶς ἐλήλυθεν J 3:19; cp. 21:24; 1J 1:5; 3:11; 5:11. W. ἵνα foll. τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ ἔργον, ἵνα πιστεύητε J 6:29; cp. vs. 39f; 15:12; 17:3; 1J 3:11, 23; 5:3. W. τηλικοῦτος: τὰ πλοῖα, τηλικαῦτα ὄντα though they are so large Js 3:4. W. τοσοῦτος: τοσοῦτων ὄντων although there were so many J 21:11. W. τοιοῦτος: τοιοῦτος ὤν Phlm 9 (cp. Just., A I, 18, 4 ὅσα ἄλλα τοιαῦτά ἐστι).—W. interrog. pron. ὑμεῖς τίνα με λέγετε εἶναι; who do you say I am? Mt 16:15; cp. 21:10; Mk 1:24; 4:41; 8:27, 29; Lk 4:34 al.; σὺ τίς εἶ; J 1:19; 8:25; 21:12 al. (cp. JosAs 14:6 τίς εἶ συ tell me ‘who you are’). σὺ τίς εἶ ὁ κρίνων; (Pla., Gorg. 452b; Strabo 6, 2, 4 σὺ τίς εἶ ὁ τὸν Ὅμηρον ψέγων ὡς μυθογράφον;) Ro 14:4; ἐγὼ τίς ἤμην; (cp. Ex 3:11) Ac 11:17; τίς εἰμι ἐγὼ ὅτι who am I, that GJs 12:2 (Ex 3:11). W. πόσος: πόσος χρόνος ἐστίν; how long a time? Mk 9:21. W. ποταπός of what sort Lk 1:29.—W. relative pron. οἷος 2 Cor 10:11; ὁποῖος Ac 26:29; 1 Cor 3:13; Gal 2:6; ὅς Rv 1:19; ὅστις Gal 5:10, 19.—W. numerals ἦσαν οἱ φαγόντες πεντακισχίλιοι ἄνδρες 6:44 (cp. Polyaenus 7, 25 ἦσαν οἱ πεσόντες ἀνδρῶν μυριάδες δέκα); cp. Ac 19:7; 23:13. Λάζαρος εἷς ἦν ἐκ τῶν ἀνακειμένων L. was one of those at the table J 12:2; cp. Gal 3:20; Js 2:19. τῶν πιστευσάντων ἦν καρδία καὶ ψυχὴ μία Ac 4:32. εἷς εἶναι be one and the same Gal 3:28. ἓν εἶναι be one J 10:30; 17:11, 21ff; 1 Cor 3:8.—οὐδʼ εἶναι τὴν πλάσιν τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων τοῦ θεοῦ (that) the creation of humankind is not God’s doing AcPlCor 1:13.—To establish identity the formula ἐγώ εἰμι is oft. used in the gospels (corresp. to Hebr. אֲנִי הוּא Dt 32:39; Is 43:10), in such a way that the predicate must be understood fr. the context: Mt 14:27; Mk 6:50; 13:6; 14:62; Lk 22:70; J 4:26; 6:20; 8:24, 28; 13:19; 18:5f and oft.; s. on ἐγώ.—In a question μήτι ἐγώ εἰμι; surely it is not I? Mt 26:22, 25.

ⓑ to describe a special connection betw. the subject and a predicate noun ἡμεῖς ναὸς θεοῦ ἐσμεν ζῶντος we are a temple of the living God 2 Cor 6:16. ἡ ἐπιστολὴ ὑμεῖς ἐστε you are our letter (of recommendation) 3:2. σφραγίς μου τῆς ἀποστολῆς ὑμεῖς ἐστε you are the seal of my apostleship 1 Cor 9:2 and oft.

ⓒ in explanations:

α. to show how someth. is to be understood is a representation of, is the equivalent of; εἰμί here, too, serves as copula; we usually translate mean, so in the formula τοῦτʼ ἔστιν this or that means, that is to say (Epict., Ench. 33, 10; Arrian, Tact. 29, 3; SIG 880, 50; PFlor 157, 4; PSI 298, 9; PMert 91, 9; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 16; ApcMos 19; Just., D. 56, 23; 78, 3 al.) Mk 7:2; Ac 19:4; Ro 7:18; 9:8; 10:6, 8; Phlm 12; Hb 7:5 al.; in the sense that is (when translated) (Polyaenus 8, 14, 1 Μάξιμος ἀνηγορεύθη• τοῦτο δʼ ἄν εἴη Μέγιστον) Mt 27:46; Ac 1:19. So also w. relative pron.: ὅ ἐστιν Mk 3:17; 7:11, 34; Hb 7:2. After verbs of asking, recognizing, knowing and not knowing (Antiphanes Com. 231, 1f τὸ ζῆν τί ἐστι;) μάθετε τί ἐστιν learn what (this) means Mt 9:13. εἰ ἐγνώκειτε τί ἐστιν 12:7; cp. Mk 1:27; 9:10; Lk 20:17; J 16:17f; Eph 4:9. W. an indir. question (Stephan. Byz. s.v. Ἀγύλλα: τὶς ἠρώτα τί ἂν εἴη τὸ ὄνομα) τί ἂν εἴη ταῦτα Lk 15:26; τί εἴη τοῦτο 18:36. τίνα θέλει ταῦτα εἶναι what this means Ac 17:20; cp. 2:12, where the question is not about the mng. of terms but the significance of what is happening.—Esp. in interpr. of the parables (Artem. 1, 51 p. 48, 26 ἄρουρα οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἐστὶν ἢ γυνή=field means nothing else than woman) ὁ ἀγρός ἐστιν ὁ κόσμος the field means the world Mt 13:38; cp. vss. 19f, 22f; Mk 4:15f, 18, 20; Lk 8:11ff (cp. Gen 41:26f; Ezk 37:11; Ath. 22, 4 [Stoic interpr. of myths]). On τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου Mt 26:26; Mk 14:22; Lk 22:19 and its various interpretations, see lit. s.v. εὐχαριστία. Cp. Hipponax (VI B.C.) 45 Diehl αὕτη γάρ ἐστι συμφορή=this means misfortune.

β. to be of relative significance, be of moment or importance, amount to someth. w. indef. pron. εἰδωλόθυτόν τί ἐστιν meat offered to idols means anything 1 Cor 10:19. Esp. εἰμί τι I mean someth. of pers. 1 Cor 3:7; Gal 2:6; 6:3; and of things vs. 15. εἰμί τις Ac 5:36.—Of no account ἐμοὶ εἰς ἐλάχιστόν ἐστιν (telescoped fr. ἐλάχ. ἐστιν and εἰς ἐλάχ. γίνεται, of which there are many exx. in Schmid, I 398; II 161, 237; III 281; IV 455) it is of little or no importance to me 1 Cor 4:3.

③ be in reference to location, persons, condition, or time, be

ⓐ of various relations or positions involving a place or thing: w. ἀπό: εἶναι ἀπό τινος be or come from a certain place (X., An. 2, 4, 13) J 1:44.—W. ἐν: ἐν τοῖς τ. πατρός μου in my father’s house Lk 2:49 (cp. Jos., Ant. 16, 302 καταγωγὴ ἐν τοῖς Ἀντιπάτρου). ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ on the way Mk 10:32. ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ Mt 24:26. ἐν ἀγρῷ Lk 15:25. ἐν δεξιᾷ τ. θεοῦ at God’s right hand Ro 8:34; in heaven Eph 6:9.—W. εἰς: τὴν κοίτην Lk 11:7; τὸν κόλπον J1:18.—W. ἐπὶ w. gen. be on someth. of place, roof Lk 17:31; head J 20:7 (cp. 1 Macc 1:59); also fig., of one who is over someone (1 Macc 10:69; Jdth 14:13 ὁ ὢν ἐπὶ πάντων τῶν αὐτοῦ) Ro 9:5 (of the angel of death Mel., P. 20, 142 ἐπὶ τῶν πρωτοτόκων); also ἐπάνω τινός J 3:31.—W. dat. be at someth. the door Mt 24:33; Mk 13:29.—W. acc. be on someone: grace Lk 2:40; Ac 4:33; spirit (Is 61:1) Lk 2:25; εἶναι ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό be in the same place, together (Gen 29:2 v.l.) Ac 1:15; 2:1, 44; 1 Cor 7:5.—W. κατά w. acc. εἶναι κατὰ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν be in Judea Ac 11:1; εἶναι ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ κατὰ τὴν οὖσαν ἐκκλησίαν were at Antioch in the congregation there 13:1.—W. ὑπό w. acc. τι or τινα of place be under someth. J 1:48; 1 Cor 10:1.—W. παρά w. acc. παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν by the sea- (i.e. lake-) shore Mk 5:21; Ac 10:6.—W. πρός τι be close to, facing someth. Mk 4:1.—W. adv. of place ἐγγύς τινι near someth. Ac 9:38; 27:8. μακρὰν (ἀπό) Mk 12:34; J 21:8; Eph 2:13; also πόρρω Lk 14:32. χωρίς τινος without someth. Hb 12:8. ἐνθάδε Ac 16:28. ἔσω J 20:26. ἀπέναντί τινος Ro 3:18 (Ps 35:2). ἐκτός τινος 1 Cor 6:18; ἀντίπερά τινος Lk 8:26; ὁμοῦ J 21:2; οὗ Mt 2:9; ὅπου Mk 2:4; 5:40. ὧδε Mt 17:4; Mk 9:5; Lk 9:33. Also w. fut. mng. (ESchwartz, GGN 1908, 161 n.; on the fut. use of the pres. cp. POxy 531, 22 [II A.D.] ἔστι δὲ τοῦ Τῦβι μηνὸς σοὶ ὸ̔ θέλεις) ὅπου εἰμί J 7:34, 36; 12:26; 14:3; 17:24. As pred., to denote a relatively long stay at a place, stay, reside ἴσθι ἐκεῖ stay there Mt 2:13, cp. vs. 15; ἐπʼ ἐρήμοις τόποις in lonely places Mk 1:45; ἦν παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν he stayed by the lakeside 5:21.

ⓑ involving humans or transcendent beings: w. adv. ἔμπροσθέν τινος Lk 14:2. ἔναντί τινος Ac 8:21; ἐνώπιόν τινος Lk 14:10; Ac 4:19; 1 Pt 3:4; Rv 7:15; ἐντός τινος Lk 17:21; ἐγγύς τινος J 11:18; 19:20; Ro 10:8 (Dt 30:14).—W. prep. ἐν τινί equiv. to ἔκ τινος εἶναι be among Mt 27:56; cp. Mk 15:40; Ro 1:6. Of God, who is among his people 1 Cor 14:25 (Is 45:14; Jer 14:9); of the Spirit J 14:17. Of persons under Christ’s direction: ἐν θεῷ 1J 2:5; 5:20 (s. Norden, Agn. Th. 23, 1). ἔν τινι rest upon, arise from someth. (Aristot., Pol. 7, 1, 3 [1323b, 1] ἐν ἀρετῇ; Sir 9:16) Ac 4:12; 1 Cor 2:5; Eph 5:18.—εἴς τινα be directed, inclined toward Ac 23:30; 2 Cor 7:15; 1 Pt 1:21.—κατά w. gen. be against someone (Sir 6:12) Mt 12:30; Mk 9:40 and Lk 9:50 (both opp. ὑπέρ); Gal 5:23.—σύν τινι be with someone (Jos., Ant. 7, 181) Lk 22:56; 24:44; Ac 13:7; accompany, associate w. someone Lk 8:38; Ac 4:13; 22:9; take sides with someone (X., Cyr. 5, 4, 37; 7, 5, 77; Jos., Ant. 11, 259 [of God]) Ac 14:4.—πρός τινα be with someone Mt 13:56; Mk 6:3; J 1:1f. I am to be compared w. IMg 12.—μετά and gen. be with someone (Judg 14:11) Mt 17:17; Mk 3:14; 5:18; J 3:26; 12:17; ἔστω μεθʼ ὑμῶν εἰρήνη AcPlCor 2:40; of God, who is with someone (Gen 21:20; Judg 6:13 al.; Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 4; Jos., Ant. 6, 181; 15, 138) Lk 1:66; J 3:2; 8:29; Ac 10:38 al.; also be with in the sense be favorable to, in league with (Ex 23:2) Mt 12:30; Lk 11:23; of punishment attending a pers. τὸ πῦρ ἐστι μετʼ αὐτοῦ AcPlCor 2:37.—παρά and gen. come from someone (X., An. 2, 4, 15; Just., D. 8, 4 ἔλεος παρὰ θεοῦ) fr. God J 6:46; 7:29; w. dat. be with, among persons Mt 22:25; Ac 10:6. W. neg. be strange to someone, there is no … in someone Ro 2:11; 9:14; Eph 6:9.—ὑπέρ w. gen. be on one’s side Mk 9:4 and Lk 9:50 (both opp. κατά); w. acc. be superior to (Sir 25:10; 30:16) Lk 6:40.

ⓒ of condition or circumstance: κατά w. acc. live in accordance with (Sir 28:10; 43:8; 2 Macc 9:20) κατὰ σάκρα, πνεῦμα Ro 8:5. οὐκ ἔστιν κατὰ ἄνθρωπον not human (in origin) Gal 1:11.—Fig. ὑπό w. acc. be under (the power of) someth. Ro 3:9; 6:14f; Gal 3:10, 25.—W. ἐν of existing ἐν τῷ θεῷ εἶναι of humankind: have its basis of existence in God Ac 17:28. Of states of being: ἐν δόξῃ 2 Cor 3:8; ἐν εἰρήνῃ Lk 11:21; ἐν ἔχθρᾳ at enmity 23:12; ἐν κρίματι under condemnation vs. 40. ἐν ῥύσει αἵματος suffer from hemorrhages Mk 5:25; Lk 8:43 (cp. Soph., Aj. 271 ἦν ἐν τῇ νόσῳ; cp. TestJob 35:1 ἐν πληγαῖς πολλαῖς). Periphrastically for an adj. ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ authoritative Lk 4:32. ἐν βάρει important 1 Th 2:7. ἐν τῇ πίστει true believers, believing 2 Cor 13:5. Be involved in someth. ἐν ἑορτῇ be at the festival=take part in it J 2:23. ἐν τούτοις ἴσθι devote yourself to these things 1 Ti 4:15 (cp. X., Hell. 4, 8, 7 ἐν τοιούτοις ὄντες=occupied w. such things; Jos., Ant. 2, 346 ἐν ὕμνοις ἦσαν=they occupied themselves w. the singing of hymns).—Fig., live in the light 1J 2:9; cp. vs. 11; 1 Th 5:4; in the flesh Ro 7:5; 8:8; AcPlCor 1:6. ἐν οἷς εἰμι in the situation in which I find myself Phil 4:11 (X., Hell. 4, 2, 1; Diod S 12, 63, 5; 12, 66, 4; Appian, Hann. 55 §228 ἐν τούτοις ἦν=he was in this situation; Jos., Ant. 7, 232 ἐν τούτοις ἦσαν=found themselves in this sit.; TestJob 35:6 ἐν τίνι ἐστίν; s. ZPE VIII 170). ἐν πολλοῖς ὢν ἀστοχήμασι AcPlCor 2:1. Of characteristics, emotions, etc. ἔν τινί ἐστιν, e.g. ἀδικία J 7:18; ἄγνοια Eph 4:18; ἀλήθεια J 8:44; 2 Cor 11:10 (cp. 1 Macc 7:18); ἁμαρτία 1J 3:5.

ⓓ of time ἐγγύς of καιρός be near Mt 26:18; Mk 13:28. πρὸς ἑσπέραν ἐστίν it is toward evening Lk 24:29 (Just., D. 137, 4 πρὸς δυσμὰς … ὁ ἥλιός ἐστι).

④ to be alive in a period of time, live, denoting temporal existence (Hom., Trag., Thu. et al.; Sir 42:21; En 102:5 Philo, De Jos. 17; Jos., Ant. 7, 254) εἰ ἤμεθα ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν if we had lived in the days of our fathers Mt 23:30. ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶν because they were no more 2:18 (Jer 38:15). ἦσαν ἐπὶ χρόνον ἱκανόν (those who were healed and raised by Christ) remained alive for quite some time Qua.

⑤ to be the time at which someth. takes place w. indications of specific moments or occasions, be (X., Hell. 4, 5, 1, An. 4, 3, 8; Sus 13 Theod.; 1 Macc 6:49; 2 Macc 8:26; Jos., Ant. 6, 235 νουμηνία δʼ ἦν; 11, 251): ἦν ὥρα ἕκτη it was the sixth hour (=noon acc. to Jewish reckoning) Lk 23:44; J 4:6; 19:14.—Mk 15:25; J 1:39. ἦν ἑσπέρα ἤδη it was already evening Ac 4:3. πρωί̈ J 18:28. ἦν παρασκευή Mk 15:42. ἦν ἑορτὴ τῶν Ἰουδαίων J 5:1. σάββατόν ἐστιν vs. 10 et al. Short clauses (as Polyaenus 4, 9, 2 νὺξ ἦν; 7, 44, 2 πόλεμος ἦν; exc. 36, 8 ἦν ἀρίστου ὥρα; Jos., Ant. 19, 248 ἔτι δὲ νὺξ ἦν) χειμὼν ἦν J 10:22; ἦν δὲ νύξ (sim. Jos., Bell. 4, 64) 13:30; ψύχος it was cold 18:18; καύσων ἔσται it will be hot Lk 12:55.

⑥ to take place as a phenomenon or event, take place, occur, become, be, be in (Hom., Thu. et al.; LXX; En 104:5; 106:6.—Cp. Just., D. 82, 2 of Christ’s predictions ὅπερ καὶ ἔστι ‘which is in fact the case’.) ἔσται θόρυβος τοῦ λαοῦ a popular uprising Mk 14:2. γογγυσμὸς ἦν there was (much) muttering J 7:12. σχίσμα there was a division 9:16; 1 Cor 1:10; 12:25. ἔριδες … εἰσίν quarrels are going on 1:11. δεῖ αἱρέσεις εἶναι 11:19. θάνατος, πένθος, κραυγή, πόνος ἔσται Rv 21:4. ἔσονται λιμοὶ κ. σεισμοί Mt 24:7. Hence τὸ ἐσόμενον what was going to happen (Sir 48:25) Lk 22:49. πότε ταῦτα ἔσται; when will this happen? Mt 24:3. πῶς ἔσται τοῦτο; how can this be? Lk 1:34. Hebraistically (הָיָה; s. KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT, ’62, 63–65) καὶ ἔσται w. fut. of another verb foll. and it will come about that Ac 2:17 (Jo 3:1); 3:23 (w. δέ); Ro 9:26 (Hos 2:1).—W. dat. ἐστί τινι happen, be granted, come, to someone (X., An. 2, 1, 10; Jos., Ant. 11, 255; Just., D. 8, 4 σοὶ … ἔλεος ἔσται παρὰ θεοῦ) Mt 16:22; Mk 11:24; Lk 2:10; GJs 1:1; 4:3; 8:3; τί ἐστίν σοι τοῦτο, ὅτι what is the matter with you, that GJs 17:2.—Of becoming or turning into someth. become someth. εἰς χολὴν πικρίας εἶναι become bitter gall Ac 8:23. εἰς σάρκα μίαν Mt 19:5; Mk 10:8; 1 Cor 6:16; Eph 5:31 (all Gen 2:24. Cp. Syntipas p. 42, 24 οὐκ ἔτι ἔσομαι μετὰ σοῦ εἰς γυναῖκα); τὰ σκολιὰ εἰς εὐθείας Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4); εἰς πατέρα 2 Cor 6:18; Hb 1:5 (2 Km 7:14; 1 Ch 22:10; 28:6); εἰς τὸ ἕν 1J 5:8.— Serve as someth. (IPriene 50, 39 [c. II B.C.] εἶναι εἰς φυλακὴν τ. πόλεως; Aesop., Fab. 28 H.=18 P.; 26 Ch.; 18 H-H. εἰς ὠφέλειαν; Gen 9:13; s. also εἰς 4d) 1 Cor 14:22; Col 2:22; Js 5:3.—Of something being ἀνεκτότερον ἔσται it will be more tolerable τινί for someone Lk 10:12, 14.

⑦ to exist as possibility ἔστιν w. inf. foll. it is possible, one can (Περὶ ὕψους 6; Diog. L. 1, 110 ἔστιν εὑρεῖν=one can find; Just., A I, 59, 10 ἔστι ταῦτα ἀκοῦσαι καὶ μαθεῖν; D. 42, 3 ἰδεῖν al.; Mel., P. 19, 127); neg. οὐκ ἔστιν νῦν λέγειν it is not possible to speak at this time Hb 9:5. οὐκ ἔστιν φαγεῖν it is impossible to eat 1 Cor 11:20 (so Hom. et al.; UPZ 70, 23 [152/151 B.C.] οὐκ ἔστι ἀνακύψαι με πώποτε … ὑπὸ τῆς αἰσχύνης; 4 Macc 13:5; Wsd 5:10; Sir 14:16; 18:6; EpJer 49 al.; EpArist 163; Jos., Ant. 2, 335; Ath. 22, 3 ἔστιν εἰπεῖν).

⑧ to have a point of derivation or origin, be,/come from somewhere ἐκ τῆς ἐξουσίας Ἡρῴδου from Herod’s jurisdiction Lk 23:7; ἐκ Ναζαρέτ (as an insignificant place) J 1:46; ἐκ τῆς γῆς 3:31; ἐκ γυναικός 1 Cor 11:8 al. ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, ἐξ ἀνθρώπων be of heavenly (divine), human descent Mt 21:25; Mk 11:30; Lk 20:4. Be generated by (cp. Sb 8141, 21f [ins I B.C.] οὐδʼ ἐκ βροτοῦ ἤεν ἄνακτος, ἀλλὰ θεοῦ μεγάλου ἔκγονος; En 106:6) Mt 1:20. Esp. in Johannine usage ἐκ τοῦ διαβόλου εἶναι originate from the devil J 8:44; 1J 3:8. ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ 3:12; ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου J 15:19; 17:14, 16; 1J 4:5. ἐκ τῆς ἀληθείας εἶναι 2:21; J 18:37 etc. Cp. 9 end.

⑨ to belong to someone or someth. through association or genetic affiliation, be, belong w. simple gen. (X., Hell. 2, 4, 36; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 33, 230 τῶν Πυθαγορείων) οἱ τῆς ὁδοῦ ὄντες those who belong to the Way Ac 9:2. εἰμὶ Παύλου I belong to Paul 1 Cor 1:12; 3:4; cp. Ro 8:9; 2 Cor 10:7; 1 Ti 1:20; Ac 23:6. ἡμέρας εἶναι belong to the day 1 Th 5:8, cp. vs. 5. W. ἔκ τινος 1 Cor 12:15f; Mt 26:73; Mk 14:69f; Lk 22:58 al. (cp. X., Mem. 3, 6, 17; oft LXX). ἐκ τοῦ ἀριθμοῦ τῶν δώδεκα belong to the twelve 22:3. ὅς ἐστιν ἐξ ὑμῶν who is a fellow-countryman of yours Col 4:9.—To belong through origin 2 Cor 4:7. Of Mary: ἦν τῆς φυλῆς τοῦ Δαυίδ was of David’s line GJs 10:1. Cp. 8 above.

⑩ to have someth. to do with someth. or someone, be. To denote a close relationship ἐξ ἔργων νόμου εἶναι rely on legal performance Gal 3:10. ὁ νόμος οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ πίστεως the law has nothing to do with faith vs. 12.—To denote a possessor Mt 5:3, 10; l9:14; Mk 12:7; Lk 18:16; 1 Cor 6:19. Esp. of God who owns the Christian Ac 27:23; 1 Cor 3:23; 2 Ti 2:19 (Num 16:5). οὐδʼ εἶναι τὸν κόσμον θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ ἀγγέλων AcPlCor 1:15 (cp. Just., A II, 13, 4 ὅσα … καλῶς εἴρηται, ἡμῶν τῶν χριστιανῶν ἐστι).—W. possess. pron. ὑμετέρα ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία Lk 6:20. οὐκ ἔστιν ἐμὸν δοῦναι Mk 10:40 (cp. Just., A I, 4, 2 ὑμέτερον ἀγωνιᾶσαί ἐστι ‘it is a matter for your concern’).—To denote function (X., An. 2, 1, 4) οὐχ ὑμῶν ἐστιν it is no concern of yours Ac 1:7—Of quality παιδεία οὐ δοκεῖ χαρᾶς εἶναι discipline does not seem to be (partake of) joy Hb 12:11.—10:39.

⑪ as an auxiliary: very commonly the simple tense forms are replaced by the periphrasis εἶναι and the ptc. (B-D-F §352–55; Mlt. 225–27, 249; Mlt-H. 451f; Rdm.² 102, 105, 205; Kühner-G. I 38ff; Rob. 374–76, 1119f; CTurner, Marcan Usage: JTS 28, 1927 349–51; GKilpatrick, BT 7, ’56, 7f; very oft. LXX).

ⓐ (as in Hom et al.) w. the pf. ptc. to express the pf., plpf. and fut. pf. act. and pass. (s. Mayser 329; 377) ἦσαν ἐληλυθότες they had come Lk 5:17. ἦν αὐτῶν ἡ καρδία πεπωρωμένη their hearts were hardened Mk 6:52. ἠλπικότες ἐσμέν we have set our hope 1 Cor 15:19. ὁ καιρὸς συνεσταλμένος ἐστίν the time has become short 7:29. ἦν ἑστώς (En 12:3) he was standing (more exactly he took his stand) Lk 5:1.

ⓑ w. pres. ptc. (B-D-F §353).

α. to express the pres. ἐστὶν προσαναπληροῦσα τὰ ὑστερήματα supplies the wants 2 Cor 9:12 (Just., A I, 26, 5 Μαρκίων … καὶ νῦν ἔτι ἐστὶ διδάσκων; Mel., P. 61, 441 ἐστὶν … κηρυσσόμενον).

β. impf. or aor. ἦν καθεύδων he was sleeping Mk 4:38. ἦσαν ἀναβαίνοντες … ἦν προάγων 10:32; cp. Lk 1:22; 5:17; 11:14 al. (JosAs 1:3 ἦν συνάγων τὸν σίτον; Mel., P. 80, 580 ἦσθα εὐφραινόμενος). ἦν τὸ φῶς τὸ ἀλήθινόν … ἐρχόμενον εἰς τὸν κόσμον the true light entered the world J 1:9, w. ἦν introducing a statement in dramatic contrast to the initial phrase of vs. 8.—To denote age (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 2 al. Jac.; POxy 275, 9 [66 A.D.] οὐδέπω ὄντα τῶν ἐτῶν; Tob 14:11) Mk 5:42; Lk 3:23; Ac 4:22; GJs 12:3.—Mussies 304–6.

γ. fut. ἔσῃ σιωπῶν you will be silent Lk 1:20; cp. 5:10; Mt 24:9; Mk 13:13; Lk 21:17, 24 al.; 2 Cl 17:7 Bihlm. (the child) shall serve him (God).

ⓒ w. aor. ptc. as plpf. (Aelian, NA 7, 11; Hippiatr. 34, 14, vol. I p. 185, 3 ἦν σκευάσας; ISyriaW 2070b ἦν κτίσας; AcThom 16; 27 [Aa II/2 p. 123, 2f; p. 142, 10]; B-D-F §355 m.—JVogeser, Z. Sprache d. griech. Heiligenlegenden, diss. Munich 1907, 14; JWittmann, Sprachl. Untersuchungen zu Cosmas Indicopleustes, diss. Munich 1913, 20; SPsaltes, Gramm. d. byzant. Chroniken 1913, 230; Björck [διδάσκω end] 75; B-D-F §355). ἦν βληθείς had been thrown Lk 23:19; J 18:30 v.l.—GPt 6:23; 12:51. (Cp. Just., A II, 10, 2 διʼ εὑρέσεως … ἐστὶ πονηθέντα αὐτοῖς ‘they achieved through investigation’).

ⓓ Notice esp. the impersonals δέον ἐστίν it is necessary (Pla. et al.; POxy 727, 19; Sir praef. ln. 3; 1 Macc 12:11 δέον ἐστὶν καὶ πρέπον) Ac 19:36; εἰ δέον ἐστίν if it must be 1 Pt 1:6 (s. δεῖ 2a); 1 Cl 34:2; πρέπον ἐστίν it is appropriate (Pla. et al.; POxy 120, 24; 3 Macc 7:13) Mt 3:15; 1 Cor 11:13.

ⓔ In many cases the usage w. the ptc. serves to emphasize the duration of an action or condition (BGU 183, 25 ἐφʼ ὸ̔ν χρόνον ζῶσα ᾖ Σαταβούς); JosAs 2:1 ἦν … ἐξουθενοῦσα καὶ καταπτύουσα πάντα ἄνδρα). ἦν διδάσκων he customarily taught Mk 1:22; Lk 4:31; 19:47. ἦν θέλων he cherished the wish 23:8. ἦσαν νηστεύοντες they were keeping the fast Mk 2:18. ἦσαν συλλαλοῦντες they were conversing for a while 9:4. ἦν προσδεχόμενος he was waiting for (the kgdm.) 15:43. ἦν συγκύπτουσα she was bent over Lk 13:11.

ⓕ to emphasize the adjectival idea inherent in the ptc. rather than the concept of action expressed by the finite verb ζῶν εἰμι I am alive Rv 1:18. ἦν ὑποτασσόμενος he was obedient Lk 2:51. ἦν ἔχων κτήματα πολλά he was very rich Mt 19:22; Mk 10:22. ἴσθι ἐξουσίαν ἔχων you shall have authority Lk 19:17 (Lucian, Tim. 35 ἴσθι εὐδαιμονῶν). ἦν καταλλάσσων (God) was reconciling 2 Cor 5:19 (cp. Mel., P. 83, 622 οὗτος ἦν ὁ ἐκλεξάμενός σε; Ath. 15, 2 οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ … καρπούμενος).—LMcGaughy, Toward a Descriptive Analysis of ΕΙΝΑΙ as a Linking Verb in the Gk. NT, diss. Vanderbilt, ’70 (s. esp. critique of treatment of εἰμί in previous edd. of this lexicon pp. 12–15).—Mlt. 228. B. 635. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

ἐνδέχομαι, [dialect] Ion. [suff] ἐν-δέκομαι, [tense] fut. - ξομαι,

A take upon oneself,

ταλαιπωρίας Hdt.6.11

.

II accept, admit, approve,

τὸν λόγον Id.1.60

;

τοὺς λόγους Id.5.92

.a/, 96, al., Ar.Eq. 632;

τὰ λεγόμενα Th.3.82

;

τὴν συμβουλίην Hdt.7.51

;

διαβολάς Id.3.80

; ἀπόστασιν, = τὸν περὶ ἀποστάσιος λόγον, ib. 128; so ἐ. [ τὴν τοῦ Ἀλκιβιάδου κάθοδον] Th.8.50.

2 in Hdt. freq. give ear to, believe, mostly with a neg.,

ἀρχὴν.. οὐδὲ ἐ. τὸν λόγον 5.106

;

τοῦτο δὲ οὐκ ἐ. ὰρχήν 4.25

, cf. 3.73, 7.237: c. inf., believe that..,

οὐ γὰρ ἔγωγε ἐ. Ἠριδανόν τινα καλέεσθαι ποταμόν 3.115

.

3 abs., give ear, attend,

σὺ δ' ἐνδέχου E.Andr. 1238

, cf. Pl.Cra. 428b; περί τινος οὐδ' ὁπωσοῦν ἐ. refuse to hear a word about it, Th.7.49.

III of things, admit, allow of,

τὸ προμηθὲς λογισμὸν οὐκ ἐνδέχεται περί τινος Id.4.92

; μεταβολήν, ἀλλοίωσιν ἐ., Pl.Phd. 78d; καθ' ὅσον φύσις ἐνδέχεται, quantum recipit humana condicio, Id.Ti. 69a, cf. Sph. 254c: c. inf., τὸ ναυτικὸν.. οὐκ ἐνδέχεται ἐκ παρέργου μελετᾶσθαι does not admit of being practised, Th.1.142, cf. Pl.Ti.9cc, Lg. 834d;

ὅσων αἱ ἀρχαὶ μὴ ἐνδέχονται ἄλλως ἔχειν Arist.EN 1139a7

.

2 abs., to be possible,

ἃ πολλὰ ἐνδέχεται Th.4.18

; ἐὰν ἐνδεχόμενον ᾖ if it be possible, PGrenf.2.14.4 (iii B. C.); freq. in Arist., APr. 25a38, al.;

ἐνδέχεσθαι ἢ εἶναι οὐδὲν διαφέρει ἐν τοῖς ἀιδίοις Ph. 203b30

;

ἐ. μέν, οὐ μὴν ἀναγκαῖον Pol. 1275b6

: esp. in part. ἐνδεχόμενος, η, ον, possible, ἐκ τῶν ἐνδεχομένων by all possible means, X.Mem.3.9.4, D.S.1.54;

αἱ ἐ. τιμωρίαι Lycurg. 119

;

τὴν ἐ. ἀϊδιότητα Jul.Or.4.157b

; εἰς τὸ ἐ. so far as possible, Hyp.Epit.41; and freq. in Arist.,

τὸ ἐ. ἀληθές Metaph. 1009b34

;

τῆς ἐ. αὐτοῖς εὐδαιμονίας μετέχειν Pol. 1325a10

; ζωῆς τῆς ἐ. ἀρίστης ib. 1328a36, al.: freq. c. inf., τὰ ἐ. καὶ εἶναι καὶ μὴ εἶναι contingent events, GA 731b25, cf. Metaph. 1050b11;

τὰ ἐ. ἄλλως ἔχειν EN 1134b31

, al.; τὰ μὴ ἐ. αὐτῷ πρᾶξαι ib. 1140a32, al.

3 ἐνδέχεται impers., it admits of being, it is possible that.., c. acc. et inf., Th.1.124, 140, etc.; εἴπερ ἐνεδεχετο (sc. γράφειν) D.18.239;

καθ' ὅσον ἐνδέχεται Pl. Phdr. 271c

; εἰς ὅσον ἐ. Id.R. 501c; ὅσα ἐ. Arist.Rh. 1354a32; μέχρι οὗ ἐ. ib. 1355b13;

ὡς ἐ. μάλιστα Plb.3.49.1

: acc. abs., ὥσπερ ἐνδεχόμενον εἶναι, = ὥσπερ εἰ ἐνδέχοιτο, Arist.GA 765b23: gen. abs., ἐνδεχομένου where possible, Id.PA 683a20.

b c. dat. pers., it is allowed, X.Hier.4.9, D.29.50.

εἰμί (

A sum), [dialect] Aeol. [full] ἔμμι Sapph.2.15, Theoc.20.32; Cret. [full] ἠμί GDI 4959a; [ per.] 2sg. εἶ, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion.

εἰς Od.17.388

, al., [dialect] Aeol. ἔσσι, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Dor.

ἐσσί Il.1.176

, Pi.O.6.90, Sophr.134;

ἐσί GDI4959a

; [ per.] 3sg. ἐστί, [dialect] Dor.

ἐντί IG12(1).677

([place name] Rhodes), Theoc.1.17, etc.; [ per.] 3 dual

ἐστόν Th.3.112

; [ per.] 1pl. ἐσμέν, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. εἰμέν (also in Pi.P.3.60),

ἐμέν Call.Fr. 294

, [dialect] Dor.

εἰμές Theoc.15.73

, but

ἠμέν GDI5178.34

; [ per.] 3pl. εἰσί ([etym.] - ίν), [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. ἔασι ([etym.] - ιν) Il.7.73, Xenoph.8.1, Antim.29, Herod.4.84, [dialect] Dor.

ἐντί Pi.N.1.24

, Theoc.11.45, IG9(1).32.22 ([place name] Phocis), etc.: imper. ἴσθι (

ἔσθι Hecat.361

J.), [dialect] Ep. and Lyr. also in [voice] Med. form

ἔσσο Od.3.200

, Sapph.1.28, Maced.Pae.31, late Prose

ἔσο Plu.2.241d

, M.Ant.3.5, Hld.5.12, Porph.Marc.34; [ per.] 3sg. ἔστω (

ἤτω LXXPs.103.31

, and late Inscrr., CIG2664, al.; but in Pl.R. 361c leg. ἴτω), [dialect] Dor. εἴτω, ἤτω, Heraclid. ap. Eust.1411.21, Elean

ἤστω Schwyzer 424

; [ per.] 3pl. ἔστωσαν, but

ἔστων Hom.

, Pl.R. 502a,

ὄντων Id.Lg. 879b

, and early [dialect] Att. Inscrr., IG12.22, etc. ( ἔστωσαν first in ii B. C., ib.22.1328), [dialect] Dor. ἐόντων ib.1126: subj. ὦ, ᾖς, ᾖ, [dialect] Ep.

ἔω Od.9.18

; [ per.] 3sg.

ἔῃ Il.12.300

,al. (also

ἔῃσι 2.366

, al., ᾖσι ([etym.] ν) 19.202, Hes.Op. 294), also [dialect] Boeot.

ἔνθω IG7.3172.165

,

μετείω Il.23.47

and perh.

εἴῃ 9.245

, etc.; [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 3pl.

ὦντι SIG940.3

([place name] Crete),

ἔωντι GDI5040.14

([place name] Hierapytna), [dialect] Boeot.

ἴωνθι IG7.3171.46

(iii B. C.): opt. εἴην, -ης (

εἴησθα Thgn.715

), -η, also ἔοις, ἔοι, Il.9.284, 142, al., cf. Hdt.7.6; [ per.] 3pl.

εἴοισαν Ἀρχ. Ἐφ. 1911.133

([place name] Gonni); [ per.] 3 dual

εἴτην Pl. Prm. 149e

, Sph. 243e; [ per.] 1pl.

εἶμεν E.Alc. 921

(lyr.), Pl.; [ per.] 2pl.

εἶτε Od. 21.195

; [ per.] 3pl.

εἶεν Il.2.372

, etc.,

εἴησαν Hdt.1.2

, etc.; Elean ἔα, = εἴη, SIG9 (vi B. C.), and σύν-εαν, = συνεῖεν, GDI 1149 (vi B. C.): inf. εἶναι, Arc.

ἦναι SIG306.9

(Tegea, iv B. C.); [dialect] Ep. ἔμμεναι (also [dialect] Aeol.

ἔμμεν' Sapph.34

), ἔμμεν (also Pi.P.6.42, S.Ant. 623 (lyr.)), ἔμεναι, ἔμεν, also

ἔμειν SIG1166

([place name] Dodona); [dialect] Dor. εἶμεν Foed. ap. Th.5.77,79, IG7.1.7 ([place name] Megara),

ἦμεν Test.Epict.5.16

, Tab.Heracl.1.75, Cret. ἦμεν or

ἤμην Leg.Gort.1.15

, al., GDI4998i 2, al., Megar.

εἴμεναι Ar.Ach. 775

,

εἴμειν IG12(1).155.100

([place name] Rhodes), 14.952 ([place name] Agrigentum); εἶν ib. 12(9).211.10 ([place name] Eretria), SIG135.4 ([place name] Olynthus), etc.: part. ὤν, [dialect] Ep. ἐών, ἐοῦσα, ἐόν, Cypr.

ἰών Inscr.Cypr.135.23

H.; [dialect] Boeot. fem.

ἰῶσα IG 7.3172.116

(Orchom.), [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Dor. fem.

ἔσσα Sapph.75.4

, IG4.952.2 (Epid.), Theoc.28.16,

ἐοῖσα Pi.P.4.265

,

ἔασσα Lyr.Alex.Adesp. 9

, Diotog. ap. Stob.4.7.62,

εὖσα Erinn.5.5

(also [dialect] Ion., Herod.5.16,

εὔντων 2.85

),

ἐᾶσα Ti.Locr.96d

, IG5(1).1470.8 ([place name] Messene),

ἴαττα Leg.Gort.8.47

; acc. sg.

εὖντα Theoc.2.3

; nom. sg. εἴς in Heraclid. ap. Eust.1756.13, pl.

ἔντες Tab.Heracl.1.117

; dat. pl. ἔντασσι ib.104; gen. pl.

παρ-έντων Alcm. 64

: [tense] impf.

ἦν Il.2.77

, etc., [dialect] Ep. ἔον (also [dialect] Aeol., Alc.127, Sapph.Oxy. 1787 Fr.3 ii 21), in [dialect] Att. ἦ (dub. in [dialect] Aeol., Alc. Supp.14.9), Ar.Pl.77, Pl.Phd. 61b, etc., but usu. altered to ἦν in codd. (and ἦν is required by metre in E. Ion 280), [var] contr. from [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. ἦα (Il.5.808, al., IG12(8).449.2 ([place name] Thasos), whence Hom.and later [dialect] Ion.

ἔᾱ Il.4.321

, al.,

ἔας Hdt.1.187

,

ἔατε Id.4.119

); [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. ἦεν, always with ν in Hom.; ἔην as [ per.] 1sg., only Il.11.762 (s. v.l., al. ἔον), freq. as [ per.] 3sg. (generally before a consonant, so that ἔεν is possible), sts. also ἤην; [ per.] 2sg. ἦσθα, later ἦς (wh. is v.l. in Pi.I.1.26), sts. in LXX (Jd. 11.35, Ru.3.2,al.), cf. Pl.Ax. 365e, Erinn.4.4, Ev.Matt.25.21, al.,

ἦσθας Men.Epit. 156

, [dialect] Ep. ἔησθα; [ per.] 3sg. ἦν, [dialect] Ep. ἔην, ἤην, ἦεν (v. supr.), [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Aeol.

ἦς Alc.Supp.30.1

, Epich.102, Sophr.59, Theoc.2.90, SIG241.145 (Delph.); [ per.] 3 dual

ἤστην Il.5.10

, E.Hipp. 387, Ar.Eq. 982, Pl.Euthd. 272a, al.; [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 1pl.

ἦμες Plu.Lyc.21

; [ per.] 2pl.

ἦτε Pl.Euthd. 276c

,

ἦστε Ar. Pax 821

, Ec. 1086; [ per.] 3pl. ἦσαν, [dialect] Ion. and Poet. ἔσαν (in Hes.Th. 321, 825, ἦν is not pl. for ἦσαν, but is rather a peculiarity of syntax, v. infr. v, but is [ per.] 3pl. in Epich.46, al., SIG560.15 (Epidamnus, iii B. C.)); [dialect] Aeol.

ἔον Schwyzer 644.12

; later

ἤμην PSI4.362.21

(iii B. C.), SIG527.46 (Crete, iii B. C.), IGRom.4.1740 ([place name] Cyme), always in LXX as Ba.1.19, cf. Ev.Matt.23.30, Plu.2.174a, etc., and sts. in codd. of earlier writers, Lys.7.34, Trag.Adesp. 124 (cited from E. Hel. 931 by Choerob. and from Id.Tr. 474 by Aps.), X.Cyr.6.1.9, Hyp.Ath.26, [ per.] 2sg.

ἦσο Epigr.Gr.379

([place name] Aezani), [ per.] 3sg.

ἦστο Supp.Epigr. 1.455.7

([place name] Phrygia), [ per.] 1pl.

ἤμεθα PPetr.2p.11

(iii B. C.), LXX Ba.1.19, 1 Ki.25.16, Ep.Eph.2.3; subj.

ὦμαι PBaden 48.12

(ii B. C.), ἦται GDI 1696, ἦνται prob. in IG5(1).1390.83 ([place name] Andania); [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. also ἔσκον, used by A.Pers. 656 (lyr.): [tense] fut. ἔσομαι, ἔσται, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Aeol. also ἔσσομαι, ἔσεται, ἔσσεται; [dialect] Aeol. [ per.] 2sg. ἔσσῃ prob. in Alc.67,87; [dialect] Dor. 2 and [ per.] 3sg. ἐσσῇ, ἐσσεῖται, Il.2.393, 13.317, Theoc.10.5, [ per.] 3pl. ἐσσοῦνται Foed. ap. Th.5.77 codd. (but

ἔσσονται Tab.Heracl.1.113

), inf.

ἐσσεῖσθαι Sophr.57

.—All forms of the [tense] pres.ind. are enclitic (exc. [ per.] 2sg. εἶ and [ per.] 3pl. ἔασι); but [ per.] 3sg. is written ἔστι when it begins a sentence or verse, or when it immediately follows οὐκ, καί, εἰ, ὡς, ἀλλά, or τοῦτ', Hdn.Gr.1.553 (also μή acc. to EM301.3); later Gramm. wrote ἔστι as Subst. Verb, Phot., Eust.880.22.

A as the Subst. Verb,

I of persons, exist,

οὐκ ἔσθ' οὗτος ἀνήρ, οὐδ' ἔσσεται Od.16.437

; ἔτ' εἰσί they are still in being, 15.433, cf. S.Ph. 445, etc.;

τεθνηῶτος.. μηδ' ἔτ' ἐόντος Od.1.289

; οὐκέτ' ἐστί he is no more, E.Hipp. 1162; οὐδὲ δὴν ἦν he was not long- lived, Il.6.131; ὁ οὐκ ὤν, οἱ οὐκ ὄντες, of those who are no more, Th.2.45,44; οἱ ὄντες the living, Plb.9.29.2; ὁ ὤν the Eternal, LXX Ex.3.14, al., Ph.1.289;

θεοὶ αἰὲν ἐόντες Il.1.290

; ἐσσόμενοι posterity, 2.119;

κἀγὼ γὰρ ἦ ποτ', ἀλλὰ νῦν οὐκ εἴμ' ἔτι E.Hec. 284

; ὡς ἂν εἶεν ἅνθρωποι might continue in being, Pl.Smp. 190c;

ζώντων καὶ ὄντων Ἀθηναίων D.18.72

, cf. Arist.GC 318b25; of things, εἰ ἔστι ἀληθέως [ἡ τράπεζα] Hdt.3.17, etc.; of cities,

ὄλωλεν, οὐδ' ἔτ' ἐστὶ Τροία E.Tr. 1292

, cf. Heracl. 491; δοκεῖ μοι Καρχηδόνα μὴ εἶναι censeo Carthaginem esse delendam, Plu.Cat.Ma.27; ἂν ᾖ τὸ στράτευμα be in existence, D.8.17; of money, to be in hand,

τῶν ὄντων χρημάτων καὶ τῶν προσιόντων IG12.91.25

; τὰ ὄντα property, Pl.Grg. 511a, Plu.Ant.24, etc.; τὸ ἐσόμενον ἐκ .. future revenue from.., BCH46.420 (Olymos, i B. C.); of place, τὴν οὖσαν ἐκκλησίαν the local church, Act.Ap.13.1; of time, τοῦ ὄντος μηνός in the current month, BGU146.4, etc.; in office,

ἱερέων τῶν ὄντων PPar.5.4

(ii B. C.); αἱ οὖσαι [ἐξουσίαι] the powers that be, Ep. Rom.13.1.

II of the real world, be, opp. become,

γίγνεται πάντα ἃ δή φαμεν εἶναι Pl.Tht. 152d

, etc.; τὸ ὄν Being, Parm.8.35, Protag.2, Pl.Ti. 27d, etc.; opp. τὸ μὴ ὄν, Gorg.Fr.3 D., etc.;

οὐδὲν γίνεται ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος Epicur.Ep. 1p.5U.

;

ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων ἐποίησεν αὐτὰ ὁ θεός LXX 2 Ma.7.28

; τὰ ὄντα the world of things, Heraclit.7, Emp.129.5, etc.; ὄνindecl., τῶν ὂν εἰδῶν species of Being, Plot.6.2.10.

2 of circumstances, events, etc., to happen,

τά τ' ἐόντα, τά τ' ἐσσόμενα, πρό τ' ἐόντα Il.1.70

;

ἡ ἐσβολὴ ἔμελλεν ἔσεσθαι Th.2.13

, etc.; τῆς προδοσίας οὔσης since treachery was there, Id.4.103; ἕως ἂν ὁ πόλεμος ᾖ so long as it last, Id.1.58;

αἱ σπονδαὶ ἐνιαυτὸν ἔσονται Id.4.118

; τί ἐστιν; what is it? what's the matter? Ar.Th. 193; τί οὖν ἦν τοῦτο; how came it to pass? Pl.Phd. 58a: repeated with a relat. to avoid a positive assertion, ἔστι δ' ὅπῃ νῦν ἔ. things are as they are, i.e. are ill, A.Ag.67.

III be the fact or the case, διπλασίαν ἂν τὴν δύναμιν εἰκάζεσθαι ἤ ἐστιν twice as large as it really is, Th.1.10; αὐτὸ ὅ ἐστι καλόν beauty in its essence, Pl.Smp. 211c, cf. Phd. 74b; freq. in part., τὸν ἐόντα λόγον λέγειν or φαίνειν the true story, Hdt.1.95, 116; τῷ ἐόντι χρήσασθαι tell the truth, ib. 30;

τὰ ὄντα ἀπαγγέλλειν Th.7.8

; σκῆψιν οὐκ οὖσαν, λόγον οὐκ ὄντα, S.El. 584, Ar.Ra. 1052; τῷ ὄντι in reality, in fact, Pl.Prt. 328d, etc.; to apply a quotation to a case in point, τῷ ὄντι κλαυσίγελως real 'smiles through tears' (with allusion to Il.6.484), X.HG7.2.9, cf. Pl. La. 196d; κατὰ τὸ ἐόν according to the fact, rightly, Hdt.1.97; πᾶν τὸ ἐόν the whole truth, Id.9.11;

τοῦ ἐόντος ἀποτεύξεται Hp.VM 2

.

IV folld. by the relat., οὐκ ἔστιν ὅς or ὅστις no one,

οὐκ ἔσθ' ὃς.. ἀπαλάλκοι Il.22.348

;

οὐκ ἔ. οὐδεὶς ὅς E.El. 903

; οὐκ ἔ. ὅτῳ, = οὐδενί, A.Pr. 293 (anap.), cf. 989: freq. in pl., εἰσὶν οἵ, = Lat. sunt qui, used exactly like ἔνιοι, Th.6.88, 7.44, Pl.Men. 77d, Grg. 503a, etc. ( εἰσί τινες οἵ .. Th.3.24); ἐστὶν ἃ χωρία, πολίσματα, Id.1.12,65;

ἐστὶν ἃ εἰπεῖν Id.2.67

;

ἦσαν οἵ X.An.5.2.14

; the sg. Verb is used even with masc. and fem. pl., ἐστὶν οἵ, αἵ, Hp.Fract.1, VC4, X.Cyr.2.3.16; more freq. in oblique cases,

ποταμῶν ἐστὶ ὧν Hdt.7.187

;

ἐστὶν ἀφ' ὧν Th.8.65

; ἐστὶ παρ' οἷς, ἐστὶν ἐν οἷς, Id.1.23, 5.25: in questions ὅστις is used, ἔστιν ἥντινα δόξαν.. ἀπεκρίνατο; Pl.Men. 85b: with relat. Particles, ἐστὶν ἔνθα, = Lat. est ubi, X.Cyr.7.4.15, etc.; ἐ. ὅπῃ, ἔσθ' ὅπου, somehow, somewhere, Pl.Prt. 331d, A.Eu. 517, S.OT 448, etc.; in questions expecting a neg. answer, ἐ. ὁπόθεν, ὅπως; Pl.Phlb. 35a, R. 493e, etc.;

οὐ γάρ ἐσθ' ὅπως Pi.Fr.61

, cf. Hdt.7.102, A.Ag. 620; οὐκ ἔ. ὅπως οὐ in any case, necessarily, Ar. Pax 188;

οὐκ ἔ. ὡς Pl. Men. 76e

, etc.; ἐ. ὅτε, ἔσθ' ὅτε, sometimes, Pi.Fr.180.2, S.Aj.56, Th. 7.21, etc.

V ἦν is sts. used with pl. masc. and fem., usu. at the beginning of a sentence, there was,

τῆς δ' ἦν τρεῖς κεφαλαί Hes.Th. 321

; (but in

ἦν δ' ἐρῳδιοί τε πολλοί Epich.46

, cf. 59, al., it may be taken as [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 3pl.);

ἦν δ' ἀμφίπλεκτοι κλίμακες S.Tr. 520

(lyr.); ἦν ἄρα κἀκεῖνοι ταλακάρδιοι Epigr. ap. Aeschin.3.184; less freq.

ἔστι, ἔστι δὲ μεταξὺ.. ἑπτὰ στάδιοι Hdt.1.26

, cf. 7.34;

ἔστι.. ἄρχοντές τε καὶ δῆμος Pl.R. 463a

; before dual Nouns, Ar.V.58, Pl.Grg. 500d.

VI ἔστι impers., c. inf., it is possible,

ἔστι γὰρ ἀμφοτέροισιν ὀνείδεα μυθήσασθαι Il.20.246

;

ἔστι μὲν εὕδειν, ἔστι δὲ τερπομένοισιν ἀκούειν Od. 15.392

; εἴ τί πού ἐστι (sc. πιθέσθαι) 4.193;

τοιάδε.. ἐστὶν ἀκοῦσαι A. Pr. 1055

(anap.);

ἔστι τεκμήρια ὁρᾶν X.An.3.2.13

, cf. Ar.Ra. 1163, Aeschin.3.105, D.18.272, Arist.Ath.53.6, etc.; so in imper., opt., and subj.,

ἔστω ἀποφέρεσθαι τῷ βουλομένῳ IG12.10.7

;

μυρία ἂν εἴη λέγειν Pl.Plt. 271e

;

ὅπως ἂν ᾖ δρᾶν IG2.1054.91

: more freq. in neg. clauses, Il.6.267, etc.; folld. by ὥστε c. inf., S.Ph. 656: c. acc. et inf.,

ἁδόντα δ' εἴη με τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς ὁμιλεῖν Pi.P.2.96

;

ἔστιν ἐκπεσεῖν ἀρχῆς Δία A.Pr. 757

: sts. not impers. in this sense,

θάλασσα δ' οὐκέτ' ἦν ἰδεῖν Id.Pers. 419

.

b ἔστω in argument, let it be granted,

ἔστω τοῦτο ἀληθὲς εἶναι D.H.Comp.25

;

ἔστω σοι τοῦθ' οὕτως Plu.2.987b

;

ἔστω εἶναί τινα τοιοῦτον D.

Chr.74.24.

B most freq., to be, the Copula connecting the predicate with the Subject, both being in the same case: hence, signify, import,

τὸ γὰρ εἴρειν λέγειν ἐστίν Pl.Cra. 398d

; esp. in the phrase τοῦτ' ἔστι, hoc est;

Σκαιόλαν, ὅπερ ἐστὶ Λαϊόν Plu.Publ.17

: with numerals, τὰ δὶς πέντε δέκα ἐστίν twice five are ten, X.Mem.4.4.7; εἶναί τις or τι, to be somebody, something, be of some consequence, v. τις; οὐδὲν εἶναι Pl.R. 562d, etc.

2 periphr. with the Participle to represent the finite Verb: with [tense] pf. part. once in Hom., τετληότες εἰμέν, for τετλήκαμεν, Il.5.873; so in Trag. and [dialect] Att., ἦν τεθνηκώς, for ἐτεθνήκει, A. Ag. 869; ἔσται δεδορκώς ib. 1179;

εἰμὶ γεγώς S.Aj. 1299

;

πεφυκός ἐστι Ar.Av. 1473

;

δεδρακότες εἰσίν Th.3.68

;

κατακεκονότες ἔσεσθε X.An.7.6.36

: with [tense] aor. part., once in Hom.,

βλήμενος ἦν Il.4.211

; so προδείσας εἰμί, οὐ σιωπήσας ἔσει; S.OT90, 1146, cf. A.Supp. 460: with [tense] pres. part.,

ἦν προκείμενον Id.Pers. 371

;

φεύγων Ὀρέστης ἐστίν Id.Ch. 136

;

εἴην οὐκ ἂν εὖ φρονῶν S.Aj. 1330

; τί δ' ἐστί.. φέρον; Id.OT 991, cf. 274, 708;

λέγων ἐστίν τις E.Hec. 1179

;

ἦν τίς σ' ὑβρίζων Id.HF 313

;

πόρρω ἤδη εἶ πορευόμενος Pl.Ly. 204b

;

βαδίζων εἰμί Ar.Ra. 36

; freq. in Hdt.,

ἦσαν ἱέντες 1.57

, al.; even

εἰσὶ διάφοροι ἐόντες 3.49

(s.v.l.):— if the Art. is joined with the Part., the noun is made emphatic, Κᾶρές εἰσι οἱ καταδέξαντες the persons who showed her were Carians, Id.1.171;

αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ μαρτυρῶν A.Eu. 798

;

δόλος ἦν ὁ φράσας S.El. 197

(anap.).

C εἶναι is freq. modified in sense by the addition of Advbs., or the cases of Nouns without or with Preps.:

I εἶναι with Advbs., where the Adv. often merely represents a Noun and stands as the predicate,

ἅλις δέ οἱ ἦσαν ἄρουραι Il.14.122

, etc.; ἀκέων, ἀκήν εἶναι, to be silent, 4.22, Od.2.82;

σῖγα πᾶς ἔστω λεώς E.Hec. 532

;

διαγνῶναι χαλεπῶς ἦν ἄνδρα ἕκαστον Il.7.424

; ἀσφαλέως ἡ κομιδὴ ἔσται will go on safely, Hdt.4.134; ἐγγύς, πόρρω εἶναι, Th.6.88, Pl.Prt. 356e: freq. impers. with words implying good or ill fortune, Κουρήτεσσι κακῶς ἦν it fared ill with them, Il.9.551;

εὖ γὰρ ἔσται E.Med.89

, cf. Ar.Pl. 1188, etc.;

ἡδέως ἂν αὐτοῖς εἴη D.59.30

.

II c. gen., to express descent or extraction,

πατρὸς δ' εἴμ' ἀγαθοῖο Il.21.109

;

αἵματός εἰς ἀγαθοῖο Od. 4.611

, cf. Hdt.3.71, Th.2.71, etc.;

πόλεως μεγίστης εἶ X.An.7.3.19

.

b to express the material of which a thing is made, ἡ κρηπίς ἐστι λίθων μεγάλων consists of.., Hdt.1.93; τῆς πόλιος ἐούσης δύο φαρσέων ib. 186; τοιούτων ἔργων ἐστὶ ἡ τυραννίς is made up of.., Id.5.92.ή, etc.

c to express the class to which a person or thing belongs, εἶ γὰρ τῶν φίλων you are one of them, Ar.Pl. 345;

ἐτύγχανε βουλῆς ὤν Th.3.70

;

ὅσοι ἦσαν τῶν προτέρων στρατιωτῶν Id.7.44

;

Κριτίας τῶν τριάκοντα ὤν X.Mem.1.2.31

; ἔστι τῶν αἰσχρῶν it is in the class of disgraceful things, i. e. it is disgraceful, D.2.2.

d to express that a thing belongs to another,

Τροίαν Ἀχαιῶν οὖσαν A.Ag. 269

;

τὸ πεδίον ἦν μέν κοτε Χορασμίων Hdt.3.117

, etc.: hence, to be of the party of,

ἦσαν.. τινὲς μὲν φιλίππου, τινὲς δὲ τοῦ βελτίστου D.9.56

, cf. 37.53; to be de pendent upon, S.Ant. 737, etc.; to be at the mercy of,

ἔστι τοῦ λέγοντος, ἢν φόβους λέγῃ Id.OT 917

.

e to express one's duty, business, custom, nature, and the like , οὔτοι γυναικός ἐστι 'tis not a woman's part, A.Ag. 940;

τὸ ἐπιτιμᾶν παντὸς εἶναι D.1.16

; τὸ δὲ ναυτικὸν τέχνης ἐστίν is matter of art, requires art, Th.1.142, cf.83.

f in LXX, to be occupied about,

ἦσαν τοῦ θύειν 2 Ch.30.17

; ἔσεσθαι, c. gen., to be about to,

ἐσόμεθα τοῦ σῶσαί σε 2 Ki.10.11

.

III with the dat., ἐστί μοι I have, freq. in Hom., etc.

2 with two dats., σφίσι τε καὶ Ἀθηναίοισι εἶναι οὐδὲν πρῆγμα that they and the Athenians have nothing to do one with another, Hdt.5.84;

μηδὲν εἶναι σοὶ καὶ φιλίππῳ πρᾶγμα D.18.283

; more shortly, σοί τε καὶ τούτοισι πρήγμασι τί ἐστι; Hdt.5.33; τί τῷ νόμῳ καὶ τῇ βασάνῳ; D.29.36; τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί; Lat. quid tecum est mihi? Ev.Marc.5.7, etc.; also ἐμοὶ οὐδὲν πρὸς τοὺς τοιούτους (sc. ἐστίν) Isoc.4.12;

ἐν οἷς πρὸς τοὺς ἐναντίους ἐστὶ τῷ δήμῳ D.18.278

; ἔσται αὐτῳ πρὸς τὸν θεόν, in tomb inscriptions, JHS18.113, etc.

3 with ἄσμενος, βουλόμενος, etc., added, ἐμοὶ δέ κεν ἀσμένῳ εἴη 'twould be to my delight, Il.14.108;

οὐκ ἂν σφίσι βουλομένοις εἶναι Th.7.35

;

προσδεχομένῳ Id.6.46

;

θέλοντι S.OT 1356

(lyr.);

ἡδομένοις Pl.La. 187c

.

IV with Preps., εἶναι ἀπό τινος, = εἶναί τινος (supr. 11.a), X.Mem.1.6.9;

εἰσὶν ἀπ' ἐναντίων αὗται πραγμάτων Pl.Phlb. 12d

; but εἶναι ἀπ' οἴκου to be away from.., Th.1.99.

2 εἶναι ἔκ τινος to be sprung from, εἴμ' ἐκ Παιονίης, Μυρμιδόνων ἔξ εἰμι, Il.21.154, 24.397, etc.; ἔστιν ἐξ ἀνάγκης it is of necessity, i. e. necessary, Pl.Sph. 256d.

3 εἶναι ἐν .. to be in a certain state,

ἐν εὐπαθείῃσι Hdt.1.22

; ἐν ἀθυμία, etc., Th.6.46, etc.;

ἐν ταραχαῖς D.18.218

; εἶναι ἐν ἀξιώματι to be in esteem, Th.1.130; οἱ ἐν τέλεϊ ἐόντες those in office, Hdt.3.18, etc.; but εἶναι ἐν τέχνῃ, ἐν φιλοσοφία to be engaged in.., S.OT 562, Pl.Phd. 59a.

b ἐν σοί ἐστι it depends on thee, Hdt.6.109, S.Ph. 963;

ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Id.OT 314

; so also

ἐπί τινι Id.Ph. 1003

, X.Cyr.1.6.2, etc.

4 εἶναι διά .., much like εἶναι ἐν .., εἶναι διὰ φόβου, = φοβεῖσθαι, Th.6.34; εἶναι δι' ὄχλου, = ὀχληρὸν εἶναι, Id.1.73;

εἶναι διὰ μόχθων X.Cyr.1.6.25

; εἶναι δι' αἰτίας, = αἰτιᾶσθαι, D.H.1.70; Geom., pass through,

διὰ τᾶς ἑτέρας διαμέτρου ἐόντος τοῦ ἐπιπέδου Archim.Con.Sph.20

.

5 εἶναι ἐφ' ἑαυτῆς to be by oneself, D.25.23; εἶναι ἐπὶ ὀνόματος to bear a name, Id.39.21; εἶναι ἐπὶ τοῖς πράγμασιν to be engaged in.., Id.2.12; εἶναι ἐπί τινα to be against him, Id.6.33; εἶναι ἐφ' ἑξήκοντα στάδια to reach sixty stadia, X.An.4.6.11; εἶναι ἐπὶ τὰς ἁφάς pass through the points of contact, Apollon. Perg.Con.4.1; εἶναι ἐπί τινι, v. supr. 3 b.

6 εἶναι πρός τινος to be in one's favour, Th.4.10,29, etc.; to suit, X.An. 1.2.11, etc.; εἶναι πρός τινι engaged in, Pl.Phd. 84c, Philostr.VA5.31; πρὸς τοῖς ἰδίοις mind one's own affairs, Arist.Pol. 1309a6, Ath.16.3;

εἶναι πρὸς τὸ κωλύειν Plb.1.26.3

; πρὸς τὸ πονεῖν Telesp.46 H.;

εἶναι περί τι X.An.3.5.7

, etc.

7 εἶναι παρά τινι or τινα, = παρειναι, Id.Cyr.6.2.15, Hdt.8.140.ά (s.v.l.).

8 εἶναι ὑπό τινα or τινι to be subject to.., X.HG5.2.17 (s.v.l.), 6.2.4.

9 περὶ τούτων ἐστίν that is the question, Men.Epit.30.

10 εἶναι ἀπό .., in Geom., to be constructed upon, Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.9, Con.Sph.7.

D ἐστί is very freq. omitted, mostly in the [tense] pres. ind. before certain predicates, as ἀνάγκη, ἄξιον, δυνατόν, εἰκός, ἕτοιμον, οἷόν τε, ῥᾴδιον, χρεών, etc., and after the neut. of Verbals in - τέος, and such forms as θαυμαστὸν ὅσον: less freq. with other persons and moods, εἰμί omitted, S.OT92, Aj. 813; εἶ, Od.4.206; ἐσμέν, S.Ant. 634; ἐστέ, Od.10.463; εἰσί, S.OT 499 (lyr.), IG2.778 B; subj. ᾖ, Il.14.376, E.Hipp. 659, Antipho 5.32; opt. εἴη, IG22.1183.12; [tense] impf. ἦν, ib.2.778 B; [tense] fut. ἔσονται, Od.14.394.

E the Inf. freq. seems redundant,

1 in phrases implying power or will to do a thing, ἑκὼν εἶναι (v. ἑκών)

κατὰ δύναμιν εἶναι Is.2.32

;

εἰς δύναμιν εἶναι Pl.Plt. 300c

; τὸ ἐπ' ἐκείνοις εἶναι, quantum in illis esset, Th.8.48, X.HG3.5.9, cf. Lys.13.58;

τὸ ἐπὶ σφᾶς εἶναι Th.4.28

;

τὸ κατὰ τοῦτον εἶναι X.An.1.6.9

;

κατὰ τοῦτο εἶναι Pl.Prt. 317a

; τὸ τήμερον, τὸ νῦν εἶναι, Id.Cra. 396e, La. 201c, Theopomp. Com.98, Decr. ap. Arist.Ath.31.2, etc.

2 after Verbs of naming or choosing,

σοφιστὴν ὀνομάζουσι τὸν ἄνδρα εἶναι Pl.Prt. 311e

;

σύμμαχόν μιν εἵλοντο εἶναι Hdt.8.134

; of giving,

δῶκε ξεινήϊον εἶναι Il. 11.20

.

F [tense] impf. ἦνissts. used where other languages take the [tense] pres.,